<?php
  /**
   * Cpdf
   *
   * http://www.ros.co.nz/pdf
   *
   * A PHP class to provide the basic functionality to create a pdf document without
   * any requirement for additional modules.
   *
   * Note that the companion class CezPdf can be used to extend this class and dramatically
   * simplify the creation of documents.
   *
   * Extended by Orion Richardson to support Unicode / UTF-8 characters using
   * TCPDF and others as a guide.
   *
   * IMPORTANT NOTE
   * there is no warranty, implied or otherwise with this software.
   *
   * LICENCE
   * This code has been placed in the Public Domain for all to enjoy.
   *
   * @author       Wayne Munro <pdf@ros.co.nz>
   * @contributor  Orion Richardson <orionr@yahoo.com>
   * @contributor  Helmut Tischer <htischer@weihenstephan.org>
   * @contributor  Ryan H. Masten <ryan.masten@gmail.com>
   * @version  009
   * @package  Cpdf
   *
   * Changes
   * @contributor Helmut Tischer <htischer@weihenstephan.org>
   * @version 0.5.1.htischer.20090507
   * - On multiple identical png and jpg images, put only one copy into the pdf file and refer to it.
   *   This reduces file size and rendering time.
   * - Allow font metrics cache to be a different folder as the font metrics. This allows a read only installation.
   * - Allow adding images directly from a gd object. This increases performance by avoiding temporary files.
   * - On png image files remove alpa channel to allow display of typical png files in pdf.
   * - On addImage avoid temporary file. Todo: Duplicate Image (currently not used)
   * - Add a check function, whether image is already cached, This avoids double creation by caller which saves
   *   CPU time and memory.
   * @contributor Helmut Tischer <htischer@weihenstephan.org>
   * @version dompdf_trunk_with_helmut_mods.20090524
   * - Allow temp and fontcache folders to be passed in by class creator
   * @version dompdf_trunk_with_helmut_mods.20090528
   * - typo 'decent' instead of 'descent' at various locations made getFontDescender worthless
   */

/* $Id: class.pdf.php 360 2011-02-15 19:33:52Z fabien.menager $ */

class  Cpdf {


  /**
   * the current number of pdf objects in the document
   */
  public  $numObj = 0;

  /**
   * this array contains all of the pdf objects, ready for final assembly
   */
  public  $objects =  array();

  /**
   * the objectId (number within the objects array) of the document catalog
   */
  public  $catalogId;

  /**
   * array carrying information about the fonts that the system currently knows about
   * used to ensure that a font is not loaded twice, among other things
   */
  public  $fonts = array();
  
  /**
   * the default font metrics file to use if no other font has been loaded
   * the path to the directory containing the font metrics should be included
   */
  public  $defaultFont = './fonts/Helvetica.afm';
  
  /**
   * a record of the current font
   */
  public  $currentFont = '';

  /**
   * the current base font
   */
  public  $currentBaseFont = '';

  /**
   * the number of the current font within the font array
   */
  public  $currentFontNum = 0;

  /**
   *
   */
  public  $currentNode;

  /**
   * object number of the current page
   */
  public  $currentPage;

  /**
   * object number of the currently active contents block
   */
  public  $currentContents;

  /**
   * number of fonts within the system
   */
  public  $numFonts = 0;

  /**
   * Number of graphic state resources used
   */
  private  $numStates =  0;

  /**
   * current colour for fill operations, defaults to inactive value, all three components should be between 0 and 1 inclusive when active
   */
  public  $currentColour = null;

  /**
   * current colour for stroke operations (lines etc.)
   */
  public  $currentStrokeColour = null;

  /**
   * current style that lines are drawn in
   */
  public  $currentLineStyle = '';

  /**
   * current line transparency (partial graphics state)
   */
  public $currentLineTransparency = array("mode" => "Normal", "opacity" => 1.0);
  
  /**
   * current fill transparency (partial graphics state)
   */
  public $currentFillTransparency = array("mode" => "Normal", "opacity" => 1.0);
  
  /**
   * an array which is used to save the state of the document, mainly the colours and styles
   * it is used to temporarily change to another state, the change back to what it was before
   */
  public  $stateStack =  array();

  /**
   * number of elements within the state stack
   */
  public  $nStateStack =  0;

  /**
   * number of page objects within the document
   */
  public  $numPages = 0;

  /**
   * object Id storage stack
   */
  public  $stack = array();

  /**
   * number of elements within the object Id storage stack
   */
  public  $nStack = 0;

  /**
   * an array which contains information about the objects which are not firmly attached to pages
   * these have been added with the addObject function
   */
  public  $looseObjects = array();

  /**
   * array contains infomation about how the loose objects are to be added to the document
   */
  public  $addLooseObjects = array();

  /**
   * the objectId of the information object for the document
   * this contains authorship, title etc.
   */
  public  $infoObject = 0;

  /**
   * number of images being tracked within the document
   */
  public  $numImages = 0;

  /**
   * an array containing options about the document
   * it defaults to turning on the compression of the objects
   */
  public  $options = array('compression'=>true);

  /**
   * the objectId of the first page of the document
   */
  public  $firstPageId;

  /**
   * used to track the last used value of the inter-word spacing, this is so that it is known
   * when the spacing is changed.
   */
  public  $wordSpaceAdjust = 0;

  /**
   * used to track the last used value of the inter-letter spacing, this is so that it is known
   * when the spacing is changed.
   */
  public  $charSpaceAdjust = 0;
  
  /**
   * the object Id of the procset object
   */
  public  $procsetObjectId;

  /**
   * store the information about the relationship between font families
   * this used so that the code knows which font is the bold version of another font, etc.
   * the value of this array is initialised in the constuctor function.
   */
  public  $fontFamilies =  array();
 
  /**
   * folder for php serialized formats of font metrics files.
   * If empty string, use same folder as original metrics files.
   * This can be passed in from class creator.
   * If this folder does not exist or is not writable, Cpdf will be **much** slower.
   * Because of potential trouble with php safe mode, folder cannot be created at runtime.
   */
  public  $fontcache = '';
  
  /**
   * The version of the font metrics cache file.
   * This value must be manually incremented whenever the internal font data structure is modified.
   */
  public  $fontcacheVersion = 4;

  /**
   * temporary folder.
   * If empty string, will attempty system tmp folder.
   * This can be passed in from class creator.
   * Only used for conversion of gd images to jpeg images.
   */
  public  $tmp = '';

  /**
   * track if the current font is bolded or italicised
   */
  public  $currentTextState =  '';

  /**
   * messages are stored here during processing, these can be selected afterwards to give some useful debug information
   */
  public  $messages = '';

  /**
   * the ancryption array for the document encryption is stored here
   */
  public  $arc4 = '';

  /**
   * the object Id of the encryption information
   */
  public  $arc4_objnum = 0;

  /**
   * the file identifier, used to uniquely identify a pdf document
   */
  public  $fileIdentifier = '';

  /**
   * a flag to say if a document is to be encrypted or not
   */
  public  $encrypted = 0;

  /**
   * the ancryption key for the encryption of all the document content (structure is not encrypted)
   */
  public  $encryptionKey = '';

  /**
   * array which forms a stack to keep track of nested callback functions
   */
  public  $callback =  array();

  /**
   * the number of callback functions in the callback array
   */
  public  $nCallback =  0;

  /**
   * store label->id pairs for named destinations, these will be used to replace internal links
   * done this way so that destinations can be defined after the location that links to them
   */
  public  $destinations =  array();

  /**
   * store the stack for the transaction commands, each item in here is a record of the values of all the
   * publiciables within the class, so that the user can rollback at will (from each 'start' command)
   * note that this includes the objects array, so these can be large.
   */
  public  $checkpoint =  '';

  /* Table of Image origin filenames and image labels which were already added with o_image().
   * Allows to merge identical images
   */
  public  $imagelist = array();

  /**
   * whether the text passed in should be treated as Unicode or just local character set.
   */
  public  $isUnicode = false;

  /**
   * @var string the JavaScript code of the document
   */
  public  $javascript = '';

  /**
   * @var boolean whether the compression is possible
   */
  protected $compressionReady = false;

  /**
   * @var array current page size
   */
  protected $currentPageSize = array("width" => 0, "height" => 0);
  
  /**
   * @var string the target internal encoding
   */
  static protected $targetEncoding = 'iso-8859-1';
  
  /**
   * class constructor
   * this will start a new document
   * @var array array of 4 numbers, defining the bottom left and upper right corner of the page. first two are normally zero.
   * @var boolean whether text will be treated as Unicode or not.
   */
  function __construct ($pageSize = array(0, 0, 612, 792), $isUnicode = false, $fontcache = '', $tmp = '') {
    $this->isUnicode = $isUnicode;
    $this->fontcache = $fontcache;
    $this->tmp = $tmp;
    $this->newDocument($pageSize);
    
    $this->compressionReady = function_exists('gzcompress');
    
    if ( in_array('Windows-1252', mb_list_encodings()) ) {
      self::$targetEncoding = 'Windows-1252';
    }

    // also initialize the font families that are known about already
    $this->setFontFamily('init');
    //  $this->fileIdentifier = md5('xxxxxxxx'.time());
  }


  /**
   * Class destructor
   */
  function __destruct() {
    clear_object($this);
  }
  
  /**
   * Document object methods (internal use only)
   *
   * There is about one object method for each type of object in the pdf document
   * Each function has the same call list ($id,$action,$options).
   * $id = the object ID of the object, or what it is to be if it is being created
   * $action = a string specifying the action to be performed, though ALL must support:
   *           'new' - create the object with the id $id
   *           'out' - produce the output for the pdf object
   * $options = optional, a string or array containing the various parameters for the object
   *
   * These, in conjunction with the output function are the ONLY way for output to be produced
   * within the pdf 'file'.
   */

  /**
   *destination object, used to specify the location for the user to jump to, presently on opening
   */
  protected function  o_destination($id, $action, $options = '') {
    if  ($action !== 'new') {
      $o = & $this->objects[$id];
    }

    switch ($action) {
    case  'new':
      $this->objects[$id] = array('t'=>'destination', 'info'=>array());
      $tmp =  '';
      switch  ($options['type']) {
      case  'XYZ':
      case  'FitR':
        $tmp =   ' '.$options['p3'].$tmp;
      case  'FitH':
      case  'FitV':
      case  'FitBH':
      case  'FitBV':
        $tmp =   ' '.$options['p1'].' '.$options['p2'].$tmp;
      case  'Fit':
      case  'FitB':
        $tmp =   $options['type'].$tmp;
        $this->objects[$id]['info']['string'] = $tmp;
        $this->objects[$id]['info']['page'] = $options['page'];
      }
      break;

    case  'out':
      $tmp =  $o['info'];
      $res = "\n$id 0 obj\n".'['.$tmp['page'].' 0 R /'.$tmp['string']."]\nendobj";
      return  $res;
    }
  }


  /**
   * set the viewer preferences
   */
  protected function  o_viewerPreferences($id, $action, $options = '') {
    if  ($action !== 'new') {
      $o = & $this->objects[$id];
    }

    switch  ($action) {
    case  'new':
      $this->objects[$id] = array('t'=>'viewerPreferences', 'info'=>array());
      break;

    case  'add':
      foreach($options as  $k=>$v) {
        switch  ($k) {
        case  'HideToolbar':
        case  'HideMenubar':
        case  'HideWindowUI':
        case  'FitWindow':
        case  'CenterWindow':
        case  'NonFullScreenPageMode':
        case  'Direction':
          $o['info'][$k] = $v;
          break;
        }
      }
      break;

    case  'out':
      $res = "\n$id 0 obj\n<< ";
      foreach($o['info'] as  $k=>$v) {
        $res.= "\n/$k $v";
      }
      $res.= "\n>>\n";
      return  $res;
    }
  }


  /**
   * define the document catalog, the overall controller for the document
   */
  protected function  o_catalog($id, $action, $options = '') {
    if  ($action !== 'new') {
      $o = & $this->objects[$id];
    }

    switch  ($action) {
    case  'new':
      $this->objects[$id] = array('t'=>'catalog', 'info'=>array());
      $this->catalogId = $id;
      break;

    case  'outlines':
    case  'pages':
    case  'openHere':
    case  'javascript':
      $o['info'][$action] = $options;
      break;

    case  'viewerPreferences':
      if  (!isset($o['info']['viewerPreferences'])) {
        $this->numObj++;
        $this->o_viewerPreferences($this->numObj, 'new');
        $o['info']['viewerPreferences'] = $this->numObj;
      }

      $vp =  $o['info']['viewerPreferences'];
      $this->o_viewerPreferences($vp, 'add', $options);

      break;

    case  'out':
      $res = "\n$id 0 obj\n<< /Type /Catalog";

      foreach($o['info'] as  $k=>$v) {
        switch ($k) {
        case  'outlines':
          $res.= "\n/Outlines $v 0 R";
          break;
          
        case  'pages':
          $res.= "\n/Pages $v 0 R";
          break;

        case  'viewerPreferences':
          $res.= "\n/ViewerPreferences $v 0 R";
          break;

        case  'openHere':
          $res.= "\n/OpenAction $v 0 R";
          break;

        case  'javascript':
          $res.= "\n/Names <</JavaScript $v 0 R>>";
          break;
        }
      }

      $res.= " >>\nendobj";
      return  $res;
    }
  }


  /**
   * object which is a parent to the pages in the document
   */
  protected function  o_pages($id, $action, $options = '') {
    if  ($action !== 'new') {
      $o = & $this->objects[$id];
    }

    switch  ($action) {
    case  'new':
      $this->objects[$id] = array('t'=>'pages', 'info'=>array());
      $this->o_catalog($this->catalogId, 'pages', $id);
      break;

    case  'page':
      if  (!is_array($options)) {
        // then it will just be the id of the new page
        $o['info']['pages'][] = $options;
      } else {
        // then it should be an array having 'id','rid','pos', where rid=the page to which this one will be placed relative
        // and pos is either 'before' or 'after', saying where this page will fit.
        if  (isset($options['id']) &&  isset($options['rid']) &&  isset($options['pos'])) {
          $i =  array_search($options['rid'], $o['info']['pages']);
          if  (isset($o['info']['pages'][$i]) &&  $o['info']['pages'][$i] == $options['rid']) {

            // then there is a match
            // make a space
            switch  ($options['pos']) {
            case  'before':
              $k =  $i;
              break;

            case  'after':
              $k = $i+1;
              break;

            default:
              $k = -1;
              break;
            }

            if  ($k >= 0) {
              for  ($j = count($o['info']['pages']) -1;$j >= $k;$j--) {
                $o['info']['pages'][$j+1] = $o['info']['pages'][$j];
              }

              $o['info']['pages'][$k] = $options['id'];
            }
          }
        }
      }
      break;

    case  'procset':
      $o['info']['procset'] = $options;
      break;

    case  'mediaBox':
      $o['info']['mediaBox'] = $options;
      // which should be an array of 4 numbers
      $this->currentPageSize = array('width' => $options[2], 'height' => $options[3]);
      break;

    case  'font':
      $o['info']['fonts'][] = array('objNum'=>$options['objNum'], 'fontNum'=>$options['fontNum']);
      break;

    case  'extGState':
      $o['info']['extGStates'][] =  array('objNum' => $options['objNum'],  'stateNum' => $options['stateNum']);
      break;

    case  'xObject':
      $o['info']['xObjects'][] = array('objNum'=>$options['objNum'], 'label'=>$options['label']);
      break;

    case  'out':
      if  (count($o['info']['pages'])) {
        $res = "\n$id 0 obj\n<< /Type /Pages\n/Kids [";
        foreach($o['info']['pages'] as  $v) {
          $res.= "$v 0 R\n";
        }

        $res.= "]\n/Count ".count($this->objects[$id]['info']['pages']);

        if  ( (isset($o['info']['fonts']) &&  count($o['info']['fonts'])) ||
              isset($o['info']['procset']) ||
              (isset($o['info']['extGStates']) &&  count($o['info']['extGStates']))) {
          $res.= "\n/Resources <<";

          if  (isset($o['info']['procset'])) {
            $res.= "\n/ProcSet ".$o['info']['procset']." 0 R";
          }

          if  (isset($o['info']['fonts']) &&  count($o['info']['fonts'])) {
            $res.= "\n/Font << ";
            foreach($o['info']['fonts'] as  $finfo) {
              $res.= "\n/F".$finfo['fontNum']." ".$finfo['objNum']." 0 R";
            }
            $res.= "\n>>";
          }

          if  (isset($o['info']['xObjects']) &&  count($o['info']['xObjects'])) {
            $res.= "\n/XObject << ";
            foreach($o['info']['xObjects'] as  $finfo) {
              $res.= "\n/".$finfo['label']." ".$finfo['objNum']." 0 R";
            }
            $res.= "\n>>";
          }

          if  ( isset($o['info']['extGStates']) &&  count($o['info']['extGStates'])) {
            $res.=  "\n/ExtGState << ";
            foreach ($o['info']['extGStates'] as  $gstate) {
              $res.=  "\n/GS" . $gstate['stateNum'] . " " . $gstate['objNum'] . " 0 R";
            }
            $res.=  "\n>>";
          }

          $res.= "\n>>";
          if  (isset($o['info']['mediaBox'])) {
            $tmp = $o['info']['mediaBox'];
            $res.= "\n/MediaBox [".sprintf('%.3F %.3F %.3F %.3F', $tmp[0], $tmp[1], $tmp[2], $tmp[3]) .']';
          }
        }

        $res.= "\n >>\nendobj";
      } else {
        $res = "\n$id 0 obj\n<< /Type /Pages\n/Count 0\n>>\nendobj";
      }

      return  $res;
    }
  }


  /**
   * define the outlines in the doc, empty for now
   */
  protected function  o_outlines($id, $action, $options = '') {
    if  ($action !== 'new') {
      $o = & $this->objects[$id];
    }

    switch  ($action) {
    case  'new':
      $this->objects[$id] = array('t'=>'outlines', 'info'=>array('outlines'=>array()));
      $this->o_catalog($this->catalogId, 'outlines', $id);
      break;

    case  'outline':
      $o['info']['outlines'][] = $options;
      break;

    case  'out':
      if  (count($o['info']['outlines'])) {
        $res = "\n$id 0 obj\n<< /Type /Outlines /Kids [";
        foreach($o['info']['outlines'] as  $v) {
          $res.= "$v 0 R ";
        }

        $res.= "] /Count ".count($o['info']['outlines']) ." >>\nendobj";
      } else {
        $res = "\n$id 0 obj\n<< /Type /Outlines /Count 0 >>\nendobj";
      }

      return  $res;
    }
  }


  /**
   * an object to hold the font description
   */
  protected function  o_font($id, $action, $options = '') {
    if  ($action !== 'new') {
      $o = & $this->objects[$id];
    }

    switch  ($action) {
    case  'new':
      $this->objects[$id] =  array('t' => 'font', 'info' => array('name' => $options['name'], 'fontFileName' => $options['fontFileName'], 'SubType' => 'Type1'));
      $fontNum =  $this->numFonts;
      $this->objects[$id]['info']['fontNum'] =  $fontNum;

      // deal with the encoding and the differences
      if  (isset($options['differences'])) {
        // then we'll need an encoding dictionary
        $this->numObj++;
        $this->o_fontEncoding($this->numObj, 'new', $options);
        $this->objects[$id]['info']['encodingDictionary'] =  $this->numObj;
      } else  if  (isset($options['encoding'])) {
        // we can specify encoding here
        switch ($options['encoding']) {
        case  'WinAnsiEncoding':
        case  'MacRomanEncoding':
        case  'MacExpertEncoding':
          $this->objects[$id]['info']['encoding'] =  $options['encoding'];
          break;

        case  'none':
          break;

        default:
          $this->objects[$id]['info']['encoding'] =  'WinAnsiEncoding';
          break;
        }
      } else {
        $this->objects[$id]['info']['encoding'] =  'WinAnsiEncoding';
      }

      if ($this->fonts[$options['fontFileName']]['isUnicode']) {
        // For Unicode fonts, we need to incorporate font data into
        // sub-sections that are linked from the primary font section.
        // Look at o_fontGIDtoCID and o_fontDescendentCID functions
        // for more informaiton.
        //
        // All of this code is adapted from the excellent changes made to
        // transform FPDF to TCPDF (http://tcpdf.sourceforge.net/)

        $toUnicodeId = ++$this->numObj;
        $this->o_contents($toUnicodeId, 'new', 'raw');
        $this->objects[$id]['info']['toUnicode'] = $toUnicodeId;
        
        $stream =  <<<EOT
/CIDInit /ProcSet findresource begin
12 dict begin
begincmap
/CIDSystemInfo
<</Registry (Adobe)
/Ordering (UCS)
/Supplement 0
>> def
/CMapName /Adobe-Identity-UCS def
/CMapType 2 def
1 begincodespacerange
<0000> <FFFF>
endcodespacerange
1 beginbfrange
<0000> <FFFF> <0000>
endbfrange
endcmap
CMapName currentdict /CMap defineresource pop
end
end
EOT;

        $res =   "<</Length " . mb_strlen($stream, '8bit') . " >>\n";
        $res .=  "stream\n" . $stream . "endstream";

        $this->objects[$toUnicodeId]['c'] = $res;

        $cidFontId = ++$this->numObj;
        $this->o_fontDescendentCID($cidFontId, 'new', $options);
        $this->objects[$id]['info']['cidFont'] = $cidFontId;
      }
      
      // also tell the pages node about the new font
      $this->o_pages($this->currentNode, 'font', array('fontNum' => $fontNum, 'objNum' => $id));
      break;

    case  'add':
      foreach ($options as  $k => $v) {
        switch  ($k) {
        case  'BaseFont':
          $o['info']['name'] =  $v;
          break;
        case  'FirstChar':
        case  'LastChar':
        case  'Widths':
        case  'FontDescriptor':
        case  'SubType':
          $this->addMessage('o_font '.$k." : ".$v);
          $o['info'][$k] =  $v;
          break;
        }
      }

      // pass values down to descendent font
      if (isset($o['info']['cidFont'])) {
        $this->o_fontDescendentCID($o['info']['cidFont'], 'add', $options);
      }
      break;

    case  'out':
      if ($this->fonts[$this->objects[$id]['info']['fontFileName']]['isUnicode']) {
        // For Unicode fonts, we need to incorporate font data into
        // sub-sections that are linked from the primary font section.
        // Look at o_fontGIDtoCID and o_fontDescendentCID functions
        // for more informaiton.
        //
        // All of this code is adapted from the excellent changes made to
        // transform FPDF to TCPDF (http://tcpdf.sourceforge.net/)

        $res =  "\n$id 0 obj\n<</Type /Font\n/Subtype /Type0\n";
        $res.=  "/BaseFont /".$o['info']['name']."\n";

        // The horizontal identity mapping for 2-byte CIDs; may be used
        // with CIDFonts using any Registry, Ordering, and Supplement values.
        $res.=  "/Encoding /Identity-H\n";
        $res.=  "/DescendantFonts [".$o['info']['cidFont']." 0 R]\n";
        $res.=  "/ToUnicode ".$o['info']['toUnicode']." 0 R\n";
        $res.=  ">>\n";
        $res.=  "endobj";
      } else {
        $res =  "\n$id 0 obj\n<< /Type /Font\n/Subtype /".$o['info']['SubType']."\n";
        $res.=  "/Name /F".$o['info']['fontNum']."\n";
        $res.=  "/BaseFont /".$o['info']['name']."\n";
  
        if  (isset($o['info']['encodingDictionary'])) {
          // then place a reference to the dictionary
          $res.=  "/Encoding ".$o['info']['encodingDictionary']." 0 R\n";
        } else  if  (isset($o['info']['encoding'])) {
          // use the specified encoding
          $res.=  "/Encoding /".$o['info']['encoding']."\n";
        }
  
        if  (isset($o['info']['FirstChar'])) {
          $res.=  "/FirstChar ".$o['info']['FirstChar']."\n";
        }
  
        if  (isset($o['info']['LastChar'])) {
          $res.=  "/LastChar ".$o['info']['LastChar']."\n";
        }
  
        if  (isset($o['info']['Widths'])) {
          $res.=  "/Widths ".$o['info']['Widths']." 0 R\n";
        }
  
        if  (isset($o['info']['FontDescriptor'])) {
          $res.=  "/FontDescriptor ".$o['info']['FontDescriptor']." 0 R\n";
        }

        $res.=  ">>\n";
        $res.=  "endobj";
      }

      return  $res;
    }
  }


  /**
   * a font descriptor, needed for including additional fonts
   */
  protected function  o_fontDescriptor($id, $action, $options = '') {
    if  ($action !== 'new') {
      $o = & $this->objects[$id];
    }

    switch  ($action) {
    case  'new':
      $this->objects[$id] = array('t'=>'fontDescriptor', 'info'=>$options);
      break;

    case  'out':
      $res = "\n$id 0 obj\n<< /Type /FontDescriptor\n";
      foreach ($o['info'] as  $label => $value) {
        switch  ($label) {
        case  'Ascent':
        case  'CapHeight':
        case  'Descent':
        case  'Flags':
        case  'ItalicAngle':
        case  'StemV':
        case  'AvgWidth':
        case  'Leading':
        case  'MaxWidth':
        case  'MissingWidth':
        case  'StemH':
        case  'XHeight':
        case  'CharSet':
          if  (mb_strlen($value, '8bit')) {
            $res.= "/$label $value\n";
          }

          break;
        case  'FontFile':
        case  'FontFile2':
        case  'FontFile3':
          $res.= "/$label $value 0 R\n";
          break;

        case  'FontBBox':
          $res.= "/$label [$value[0] $value[1] $value[2] $value[3]]\n";
          break;

        case  'FontName':
          $res.= "/$label /$value\n";
          break;
        }
      }

      $res.= ">>\nendobj";

      return  $res;
    }
  }


  /**
   * the font encoding
   */
  protected function  o_fontEncoding($id, $action, $options = '') {
    if  ($action !== 'new') {
      $o = & $this->objects[$id];
    }

    switch  ($action) {
    case  'new':
      // the options array should contain 'differences' and maybe 'encoding'
      $this->objects[$id] = array('t'=>'fontEncoding', 'info'=>$options);
      break;

    case  'out':
      $res = "\n$id 0 obj\n<< /Type /Encoding\n";
      if  (!isset($o['info']['encoding'])) {
        $o['info']['encoding'] = 'WinAnsiEncoding';
      }

      if  ($o['info']['encoding'] !== 'none') {
        $res.= "/BaseEncoding /".$o['info']['encoding']."\n";
      }

      $res.= "/Differences \n[";

      $onum = -100;

      foreach($o['info']['differences'] as  $num=>$label) {
        if  ($num != $onum+1) {
          // we cannot make use of consecutive numbering
          $res.=  "\n$num /$label";
        } else {
          $res.=  " /$label";
        }

        $onum = $num;
      }

      $res.= "\n]\n>>\nendobj";
      return  $res;
    }
  }


  /**
   * a descendent cid font,  needed for unicode fonts
   */
  protected function  o_fontDescendentCID($id, $action, $options = '') {
    if  ($action !== 'new') {
      $o = & $this->objects[$id];
    }

    switch  ($action) {
    case  'new':
      $this->objects[$id] =  array('t'=>'fontDescendentCID', 'info'=>$options);

      // we need a CID system info section
      $cidSystemInfoId = ++$this->numObj;
      $this->o_contents($cidSystemInfoId, 'new', 'raw');
      $this->objects[$id]['info']['cidSystemInfo'] = $cidSystemInfoId;
      $res=   "<</Registry (Adobe)\n"; // A string identifying an issuer of character collections
      $res.=  "/Ordering (UCS)\n"; // A string that uniquely names a character collection issued by a specific registry
      $res.=  "/Supplement 0\n"; // The supplement number of the character collection.
      $res.=  ">>";
      $this->objects[$cidSystemInfoId]['c'] = $res;

      // and a CID to GID map
      $cidToGidMapId = ++$this->numObj;
      $this->o_fontGIDtoCIDMap($cidToGidMapId, 'new', $options);
      $this->objects[$id]['info']['cidToGidMap'] = $cidToGidMapId;
      break;

    case  'add':
      foreach ($options as  $k => $v) {
        switch  ($k) {
        case  'BaseFont':
          $o['info']['name'] =  $v;
          break;

        case  'FirstChar':
        case  'LastChar':
        case  'MissingWidth':
        case  'FontDescriptor':
        case  'SubType':
          $this->addMessage("o_fontDescendentCID $k : $v");
          $o['info'][$k] =  $v;
          break;
        }
      }

      // pass values down to cid to gid map
      $this->o_fontGIDtoCIDMap($o['info']['cidToGidMap'], 'add', $options);
      break;

    case  'out':
      $res =  "\n$id 0 obj\n";
      $res.=  "<</Type /Font\n";
      $res.=  "/Subtype /CIDFontType2\n";
      $res.=  "/BaseFont /".$o['info']['name']."\n";
      $res.=  "/CIDSystemInfo ".$o['info']['cidSystemInfo']." 0 R\n";
//      if  (isset($o['info']['FirstChar'])) {
//        $res.=  "/FirstChar ".$o['info']['FirstChar']."\n";
//      }

//      if  (isset($o['info']['LastChar'])) {
//        $res.=  "/LastChar ".$o['info']['LastChar']."\n";
//      }
      if  (isset($o['info']['FontDescriptor'])) {
        $res.=  "/FontDescriptor ".$o['info']['FontDescriptor']." 0 R\n";
      }

      if  (isset($o['info']['MissingWidth'])) {
        $res.=  "/DW ".$o['info']['MissingWidth']."\n";
      }

      if  (isset($o['info']['fontFileName']) && isset($this->fonts[$o['info']['fontFileName']]['CIDWidths'])) {
        $cid_widths = &$this->fonts[$o['info']['fontFileName']]['CIDWidths'];
        $w = '';
        foreach ($cid_widths as $cid => $width) {
          $w .= "$cid [$width] ";
        }
        $res.=  "/W [$w]\n";
      }

      $res.=  "/CIDToGIDMap ".$o['info']['cidToGidMap']." 0 R\n";
      $res.=  ">>\n";
      $res.=  "endobj";

      return  $res;
    }
  }
  

  /**
   * a font glyph to character map,  needed for unicode fonts
   */
  protected function  o_fontGIDtoCIDMap($id, $action, $options = '') {
    if  ($action !== 'new') {
      $o = & $this->objects[$id];
    }

    switch  ($action) {
    case  'new':
      $this->objects[$id] =  array('t'=>'fontGIDtoCIDMap', 'info'=>$options);
      break;

    case  'out':
      $res = "\n$id 0 obj\n";
      $fontFileName = $o['info']['fontFileName'];
      $tmp = $this->fonts[$fontFileName]['CIDtoGID'] = base64_decode($this->fonts[$fontFileName]['CIDtoGID']);
      
      $compressed = isset($this->fonts[$fontFileName]['CIDtoGID_Compressed']) &&
                    $this->fonts[$fontFileName]['CIDtoGID_Compressed'];

      if  (!$compressed && isset($o['raw'])) {
        $res.= $tmp;
      } else {
        $res.=  "<<";

        if  (!$compressed && $this->compressionReady && $this->options['compression']) {
          // then implement ZLIB based compression on this content stream
          $compressed = true;
          $tmp =  gzcompress($tmp,  6);
        }
        if ($compressed) {
          $res.= "\n/Filter /FlateDecode";
        }

        $res.= "\n/Length ".mb_strlen($tmp, '8bit') .">>\nstream\n$tmp\nendstream";
      }

      $res.= "\nendobj";
      return  $res;
    }
  }
  

  /**
   * the document procset, solves some problems with printing to old PS printers
   */
  protected function  o_procset($id, $action, $options = '') {
    if  ($action !== 'new') {
      $o = & $this->objects[$id];
    }

    switch  ($action) {
    case  'new':
      $this->objects[$id] = array('t'=>'procset', 'info'=>array('PDF'=>1, 'Text'=>1));
      $this->o_pages($this->currentNode, 'procset', $id);
      $this->procsetObjectId = $id;
      break;

    case  'add':
      // this is to add new items to the procset list, despite the fact that this is considered
      // obselete, the items are required for printing to some postscript printers
      switch  ($options) {
      case  'ImageB':
      case  'ImageC':
      case  'ImageI':
        $o['info'][$options] = 1;
        break;
      }
      break;

    case  'out':
      $res = "\n$id 0 obj\n[";
      foreach ($o['info'] as  $label=>$val) {
        $res.= "/$label ";
      }
      $res.= "]\nendobj";
      return  $res;
    }
  }


  /**
   * define the document information
   */
  protected function  o_info($id, $action, $options = '') {
    if  ($action !== 'new') {
      $o = & $this->objects[$id];
    }

    switch  ($action) {
    case  'new':
      $this->infoObject = $id;
      $date = 'D:'.@date('Ymd');
      $this->objects[$id] = array('t'=>'info', 'info'=>array('Creator'=>'R and OS php pdf writer, http://www.ros.co.nz', 'CreationDate'=>$date));
      break;
    case  'Title':
    case  'Author':
    case  'Subject':
    case  'Keywords':
    case  'Creator':
    case  'Producer':
    case  'CreationDate':
    case  'ModDate':
    case  'Trapped':
      $o['info'][$action] = $options;
      break;

    case  'out':
      if  ($this->encrypted) {
        $this->encryptInit($id);
      }

      $res = "\n$id 0 obj\n<<\n";
      foreach ($o['info'] as  $k=>$v) {
        $res.= "/$k (";
        // dates must be outputted as-is, without Unicode transformations
        $raw = ($k === 'CreationDate' || $k === 'ModDate');
        $c = $v;

        if  ($this->encrypted) {
          $c = $this->ARC4($c);
        }

        $res.= ($raw) ? $c : $this->filterText($c);
        $res.= ")\n";
      }

      $res.= ">>\nendobj";
      return  $res;
    }
  }


  /**
   * an action object, used to link to URLS initially
   */
  protected function  o_action($id, $action, $options = '') {
    if  ($action !== 'new') {
      $o = & $this->objects[$id];
    }

    switch  ($action) {
    case  'new':
      if  (is_array($options)) {
        $this->objects[$id] = array('t'=>'action', 'info'=>$options, 'type'=>$options['type']);
      } else {
        // then assume a URI action
        $this->objects[$id] = array('t'=>'action', 'info'=>$options, 'type'=>'URI');
      }
      break;

    case  'out':
      if  ($this->encrypted) {
        $this->encryptInit($id);
      }

      $res = "\n$id 0 obj\n<< /Type /Action";
      switch ($o['type']) {
      case  'ilink':
        // there will be an 'label' setting, this is the name of the destination
        $res.= "\n/S /GoTo\n/D ".$this->destinations[(string)$o['info']['label']]." 0 R";
        break;

      case  'URI':
        $res.= "\n/S /URI\n/URI (";
        if  ($this->encrypted) {
          $res.= $this->filterText($this->ARC4($o['info']));
        } else {
          $res.= $this->filterText($o['info']);
        }

        $res.= ")";
        break;
      }

      $res.= "\n>>\nendobj";
      return  $res;
    }
  }


  /**
   * an annotation object, this will add an annotation to the current page.
   * initially will support just link annotations
   */
  protected function  o_annotation($id, $action, $options = '') {
    if  ($action !== 'new') {
      $o = & $this->objects[$id];
    }

    switch  ($action) {
    case  'new':
      // add the annotation to the current page
      $pageId =  $this->currentPage;
      $this->o_page($pageId, 'annot', $id);

      // and add the action object which is going to be required
      switch ($options['type']) {
      case  'link':
        $this->objects[$id] = array('t'=>'annotation', 'info'=>$options);
        $this->numObj++;
        $this->o_action($this->numObj, 'new', $options['url']);
        $this->objects[$id]['info']['actionId'] = $this->numObj;
        break;

      case  'ilink':
        // this is to a named internal link
        $label =  $options['label'];
        $this->objects[$id] = array('t'=>'annotation', 'info'=>$options);
        $this->numObj++;
        $this->o_action($this->numObj, 'new', array('type'=>'ilink', 'label'=>$label));
        $this->objects[$id]['info']['actionId'] = $this->numObj;
        break;
      }
      break;

    case  'out':
      $res = "\n$id 0 obj\n<< /Type /Annot";
      switch ($o['info']['type']) {
      case  'link':
      case  'ilink':
        $res.=  "\n/Subtype /Link";
        break;
      }
      $res.= "\n/A ".$o['info']['actionId']." 0 R";
      $res.= "\n/Border [0 0 0]";
      $res.= "\n/H /I";
      $res.= "\n/Rect [ ";

      foreach($o['info']['rect'] as  $v) {
        $res.=  sprintf("%.4F ", $v);
      }

      $res.= "]";
      $res.= "\n>>\nendobj";
      return  $res;
    }
  }


  /**
   * a page object, it also creates a contents object to hold its contents
   */
  protected function  o_page($id, $action, $options = '') {
    if  ($action !== 'new') {
      $o = & $this->objects[$id];
    }

    switch  ($action) {
    case  'new':
      $this->numPages++;
      $this->objects[$id] = array('t'=>'page', 'info'=>array('parent'=>$this->currentNode, 'pageNum'=>$this->numPages));

      if  (is_array($options)) {
        // then this must be a page insertion, array should contain 'rid','pos'=[before|after]
        $options['id'] = $id;
        $this->o_pages($this->currentNode, 'page', $options);
      } else {
        $this->o_pages($this->currentNode, 'page', $id);
      }

      $this->currentPage = $id;
      //make a contents object to go with this page
      $this->numObj++;
      $this->o_contents($this->numObj, 'new', $id);
      $this->currentContents = $this->numObj;
      $this->objects[$id]['info']['contents'] = array();
      $this->objects[$id]['info']['contents'][] = $this->numObj;

      $match =  ($this->numPages%2 ?  'odd' :  'even');
      foreach($this->addLooseObjects as  $oId=>$target) {
        if  ($target === 'all' || $match === $target) {
          $this->objects[$id]['info']['contents'][] = $oId;
        }
      }
      break;

    case  'content':
      $o['info']['contents'][] = $options;
      break;

    case  'annot':
      // add an annotation to this page
      if  (!isset($o['info']['annot'])) {
        $o['info']['annot'] = array();
      }

      // $options should contain the id of the annotation dictionary
      $o['info']['annot'][] = $options;
      break;

    case  'out':
      $res = "\n$id 0 obj\n<< /Type /Page";
      $res.= "\n/Parent ".$o['info']['parent']." 0 R";

      if  (isset($o['info']['annot'])) {
        $res.= "\n/Annots [";
        foreach($o['info']['annot'] as  $aId) {
          $res.= " $aId 0 R";
        }
        $res.= " ]";
      }

      $count =  count($o['info']['contents']);
      if  ($count == 1) {
        $res.= "\n/Contents ".$o['info']['contents'][0]." 0 R";
      } else  if  ($count>1) {
        $res.= "\n/Contents [\n";

        // reverse the page contents so added objects are below normal content
        //foreach (array_reverse($o['info']['contents']) as  $cId) {
        // Back to normal now that I've got transparency working --Benj
        foreach ($o['info']['contents'] as  $cId) {
          $res.= "$cId 0 R\n";
        }
        $res.= "]";
      }

      $res.= "\n>>\nendobj";
      return  $res;
    }
  }


  /**
   * the contents objects hold all of the content which appears on pages
   */
  protected function  o_contents($id, $action, $options = '') {
    if  ($action !== 'new') {
      $o = & $this->objects[$id];
    }

    switch  ($action) {
    case  'new':
      $this->objects[$id] = array('t'=>'contents', 'c'=>'', 'info'=>array());
      if  (mb_strlen($options, '8bit') &&  intval($options)) {
        // then this contents is the primary for a page
        $this->objects[$id]['onPage'] = $options;
      } else  if  ($options === 'raw') {
        // then this page contains some other type of system object
        $this->objects[$id]['raw'] = 1;
      }
      break;

    case  'add':
      // add more options to the decleration
      foreach ($options as  $k=>$v) {
        $o['info'][$k] = $v;
      }

    case  'out':
      $tmp = $o['c'];
      $res =  "\n$id 0 obj\n";

      if  (isset($this->objects[$id]['raw'])) {
        $res.= $tmp;
      } else {
        $res.=  "<<";
        if  ($this->compressionReady && $this->options['compression']) {
          // then implement ZLIB based compression on this content stream
          $res.= " /Filter /FlateDecode";
          $tmp =  gzcompress($tmp,  6);
        }

        if  ($this->encrypted) {
          $this->encryptInit($id);
          $tmp =  $this->ARC4($tmp);
        }

        foreach($o['info'] as  $k=>$v) {
          $res.=  "\n/$k $v";
        }

        $res.= "\n/Length ".mb_strlen($tmp, '8bit') ." >>\nstream\n$tmp\nendstream";
      }

      $res.= "\nendobj";
      return  $res;
    }
  }

  protected function  o_embedjs($id, $action, $code = '') {
    if  ($action !== 'new') {
      $o = & $this->objects[$id];
    }

    switch  ($action) {
    case  'new':
      $this->objects[$id] = array('t'=>'embedjs', 'info'=>array(
        'Names' => '[(EmbeddedJS) '.($id+1).' 0 R]'
      ));
      break;

    case  'out':
      $res = "\n$id 0 obj\n<< ";
      foreach($o['info'] as  $k=>$v) {
        $res.=  "\n/$k $v";
      }
      $res.= "\n>>\nendobj";
      return  $res;
    }
  }
  
  protected function  o_javascript($id, $action, $code = '') {
    if  ($action !== 'new') {
      $o = & $this->objects[$id];
    }

    switch  ($action) {
    case  'new':
      $this->objects[$id] = array('t'=>'javascript', 'info'=>array(
        'S' => '/JavaScript',
        'JS' => '('.$this->filterText($code).')',
      ));
      break;

    case  'out':
      $res = "\n$id 0 obj\n<< ";
      foreach($o['info'] as  $k=>$v) {
        $res.=  "\n/$k $v";
      }
      $res.= "\n>>\nendobj";
      return  $res;
    }
  }

  /**
   * an image object, will be an XObject in the document, includes description and data
   */
  protected function  o_image($id, $action, $options = '') {
    if  ($action !== 'new') {
      $o = & $this->objects[$id];
    }

    switch ($action) {
    case  'new':
      // make the new object
      $this->objects[$id] = array('t'=>'image', 'data'=>&$options['data'], 'info'=>array());
      
      $info =& $this->objects[$id]['info'];
      
      $info['Type'] = '/XObject';
      $info['Subtype'] = '/Image';
      $info['Width'] = $options['iw'];
      $info['Height'] = $options['ih'];
      
      if (isset($options['masked']) && $options['masked']) {
        $info['SMask'] = ($this->numObj-1).' 0 R';
      }
      
      if  (!isset($options['type']) || $options['type'] === 'jpg') {
        if  (!isset($options['channels'])) {
          $options['channels'] = 3;
        }

        switch ($options['channels']) {
          case  1: $info['ColorSpace'] = '/DeviceGray'; break;
          case  4: $info['ColorSpace'] = '/DeviceCMYK'; break;
          default: $info['ColorSpace'] = '/DeviceRGB'; break;
        }
        
        if ($info['ColorSpace'] === '/DeviceCMYK') {
          $info['Decode'] = '[1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0]';
        }

        $info['Filter'] = '/DCTDecode';
        $info['BitsPerComponent'] = 8;
      } 
      
      else if  ($options['type'] === 'png') {
        $info['Filter'] = '/FlateDecode';
        $info['DecodeParms'] = '<< /Predictor 15 /Colors '.$options['ncolor'].' /Columns '.$options['iw'].' /BitsPerComponent '.$options['bitsPerComponent'].'>>';
      
        if ($options['isMask']) {
          $info['ColorSpace'] = '/DeviceGray';
        }
        else {
          if  (mb_strlen($options['pdata'], '8bit')) {
            $tmp =  ' [ /Indexed /DeviceRGB '.(mb_strlen($options['pdata'], '8bit') /3-1) .' ';
            $this->numObj++;
            $this->o_contents($this->numObj, 'new');
            $this->objects[$this->numObj]['c'] = $options['pdata'];
            $tmp.= $this->numObj.' 0 R';
            $tmp.= ' ]';
            $info['ColorSpace'] =  $tmp;
            
            if  (isset($options['transparency'])) {
              $transparency = $options['transparency'];
              switch ($transparency['type']) {
              case  'indexed':
                $tmp = ' [ '.$transparency['data'].' '.$transparency['data'].'] ';
                $info['Mask'] =  $tmp;
                break;
  
              case 'color-key':
                $tmp = ' [ '.
                  $transparency['r'] . ' ' . $transparency['r'] .
                  $transparency['g'] . ' ' . $transparency['g'] .
                  $transparency['b'] . ' ' . $transparency['b'] .
                  ' ] ';
                $info['Mask'] = $tmp;
                break;
              }
            }
          } else {
            if  (isset($options['transparency'])) {
              $transparency = $options['transparency'];
              
              switch ($transparency['type']) {
              case  'indexed':
                $tmp = ' [ '.$transparency['data'].' '.$transparency['data'].'] ';
                $info['Mask'] =  $tmp;
                break;
  
              case 'color-key':
                $tmp = ' [ '.
                  $transparency['r'] . ' ' . $transparency['r'] . ' ' .
                  $transparency['g'] . ' ' . $transparency['g'] . ' ' .
                  $transparency['b'] . ' ' . $transparency['b'] .
                  ' ] ';
                $info['Mask'] = $tmp;
                break;
              }
            }
            $info['ColorSpace'] = '/'.$options['color'];
          }
        }
        
        $info['BitsPerComponent'] = $options['bitsPerComponent'];
      }

      // assign it a place in the named resource dictionary as an external object, according to
      // the label passed in with it.
      $this->o_pages($this->currentNode, 'xObject', array('label'=>$options['label'], 'objNum'=>$id));

      // also make sure that we have the right procset object for it.
      $this->o_procset($this->procsetObjectId, 'add', 'ImageC');
      break;

    case  'out':
      $tmp = &$o['data'];
      $res =  "\n$id 0 obj\n<<";

      foreach($o['info'] as  $k=>$v) {
        $res.= "\n/$k $v";
      }

      if  ($this->encrypted) {
        $this->encryptInit($id);
        $tmp =  $this->ARC4($tmp);
      }

      $res.= "\n/Length ".mb_strlen($tmp, '8bit') .">>\nstream\n$tmp\nendstream\nendobj";

      return  $res;
    }
  }


  /**
   * graphics state object
   */
  protected function  o_extGState($id,  $action,  $options = "") {
    static  $valid_params =  array("LW",  "LC",  "LC",  "LJ",  "ML",
                                   "D",  "RI",  "OP",  "op",  "OPM",
                                   "Font",  "BG",  "BG2",  "UCR",
                                   "TR",  "TR2",  "HT",  "FL",
                                   "SM",  "SA",  "BM",  "SMask",
                                   "CA",  "ca",  "AIS",  "TK");

    if  ($action !==  "new") {
      $o = & $this->objects[$id];
    }

    switch  ($action) {
    case  "new":
      $this->objects[$id] =  array('t' => 'extGState',  'info' => $options);

      // Tell the pages about the new resource
      $this->numStates++;
      $this->o_pages($this->currentNode,  'extGState',  array("objNum" => $id,  "stateNum" => $this->numStates));
      break;

    case  "out":
      $res = "\n$id 0 obj\n<< /Type /ExtGState\n";

      foreach ($o["info"] as  $k => $v) {
        if  ( !in_array($k, $valid_params))
          continue;
        $res.=  "/$k $v\n";
      }

      $res.= ">>\nendobj";
      return  $res;
    }
  }


  /**
   * encryption object.
   */
  protected function  o_encryption($id, $action, $options = '') {
    if  ($action !== 'new') {
      $o = & $this->objects[$id];
    }

    switch ($action) {
    case  'new':
      // make the new object
      $this->objects[$id] = array('t'=>'encryption', 'info'=>$options);
      $this->arc4_objnum = $id;

      // figure out the additional paramaters required
      $pad =  chr(0x28) .chr(0xBF) .chr(0x4E) .chr(0x5E) .chr(0x4E) .chr(0x75) .chr(0x8A) .chr(0x41)
             .chr(0x64) .chr(0x00) .chr(0x4E) .chr(0x56) .chr(0xFF) .chr(0xFA) .chr(0x01) .chr(0x08)
             .chr(0x2E) .chr(0x2E) .chr(0x00) .chr(0xB6) .chr(0xD0) .chr(0x68) .chr(0x3E) .chr(0x80)
             .chr(0x2F) .chr(0x0C) .chr(0xA9) .chr(0xFE) .chr(0x64) .chr(0x53) .chr(0x69) .chr(0x7A);
             
      $len =  mb_strlen($options['owner'], '8bit');

      if  ($len>32) {
        $owner =  substr($options['owner'], 0, 32);
      } else  if  ($len<32) {
        $owner =  $options['owner'].substr($pad, 0, 32-$len);
      } else {
        $owner =  $options['owner'];
      }

      $len =  mb_strlen($options['user'], '8bit');
      if  ($len>32) {
        $user =  substr($options['user'], 0, 32);
      } else  if  ($len<32) {
        $user =  $options['user'].substr($pad, 0, 32-$len);
      } else {
        $user =  $options['user'];
      }

      $tmp =  $this->md5_16($owner);
      $okey =  substr($tmp, 0, 5);
      $this->ARC4_init($okey);
      $ovalue = $this->ARC4($user);
      $this->objects[$id]['info']['O'] = $ovalue;

      // now make the u value, phew.
      $tmp =  $this->md5_16($user.$ovalue.chr($options['p']) .chr(255) .chr(255) .chr(255) .$this->fileIdentifier);

      $ukey =  substr($tmp, 0, 5);
      $this->ARC4_init($ukey);
      $this->encryptionKey =  $ukey;
      $this->encrypted = 1;
      $uvalue = $this->ARC4($pad);
      $this->objects[$id]['info']['U'] = $uvalue;
      $this->encryptionKey = $ukey;
      // initialize the arc4 array
      break;

    case  'out':
      $res =  "\n$id 0 obj\n<<";
      $res.= "\n/Filter /Standard";
      $res.= "\n/V 1";
      $res.= "\n/R 2";
      $res.= "\n/O (".$this->filterText($o['info']['O'], true, false) .')';
      $res.= "\n/U (".$this->filterText($o['info']['U'], true, false) .')';
      // and the p-value needs to be converted to account for the twos-complement approach
      $o['info']['p'] =  (($o['info']['p']^255) +1) *-1;
      $res.= "\n/P ".($o['info']['p']);
      $res.= "\n>>\nendobj";
      return  $res;
    }
  }


  /**
   * ARC4 functions
   * A series of function to implement ARC4 encoding in PHP
   */

  /**
   * calculate the 16 byte version of the 128 bit md5 digest of the string
   */
  function md5_16($string) {
    $tmp =  md5($string);
    $out = '';
    for  ($i = 0;$i <= 30;$i = $i+2) {
      $out.= chr(hexdec(substr($tmp, $i, 2)));
    }
    return  $out;
  }


  /**
   * initialize the encryption for processing a particular object
   */
  function encryptInit($id) {
    $tmp =  $this->encryptionKey;
    $hex =  dechex($id);
    if  (mb_strlen($hex, '8bit') <6) {
      $hex =  substr('000000', 0, 6-mb_strlen($hex, '8bit')) .$hex;
    }
    $tmp.=  chr(hexdec(substr($hex, 4, 2))) .chr(hexdec(substr($hex, 2, 2))) .chr(hexdec(substr($hex, 0, 2))) .chr(0) .chr(0);
    $key =  $this->md5_16($tmp);
    $this->ARC4_init(substr($key, 0, 10));
  }


  /**
   * initialize the ARC4 encryption
   */
  function ARC4_init($key = '') {
    $this->arc4 =  '';

    // setup the control array
    if  (mb_strlen($key, '8bit') == 0) {
      return;
    }

    $k =  '';
    while (mb_strlen($k, '8bit') <256) {
      $k.= $key;
    }

    $k = substr($k, 0, 256);
    for  ($i = 0;$i<256;$i++) {
      $this->arc4.=  chr($i);
    }

    $j = 0;

    for  ($i = 0;$i<256;$i++) {
      $t =  $this->arc4[$i];
      $j =  ($j + ord($t)  + ord($k[$i])) %256;
      $this->arc4[$i] = $this->arc4[$j];
      $this->arc4[$j] = $t;
    }
  }


  /**
   * ARC4 encrypt a text string
   */
  function ARC4($text) {
    $len = mb_strlen($text, '8bit');
    $a = 0;
    $b = 0;
    $c =  $this->arc4;
    $out = '';
    for  ($i = 0;$i<$len;$i++) {
      $a =  ($a+1) %256;
      $t =  $c[$a];
      $b =  ($b+ord($t)) %256;
      $c[$a] = $c[$b];
      $c[$b] = $t;
      $k =  ord($c[(ord($c[$a]) +ord($c[$b])) %256]);
      $out.= chr(ord($text[$i])  ^ $k);
    }
    return  $out;
  }


  /**
   * functions which can be called to adjust or add to the document
   */

  /**
   * add a link in the document to an external URL
   */
  function addLink($url, $x0, $y0, $x1, $y1) {
    $this->numObj++;
    $info =  array('type'=>'link', 'url'=>$url, 'rect'=>array($x0, $y0, $x1, $y1));
    $this->o_annotation($this->numObj, 'new', $info);
  }


  /**
   * add a link in the document to an internal destination (ie. within the document)
   */
  function addInternalLink($label, $x0, $y0, $x1, $y1) {
    $this->numObj++;
    $info =  array('type'=>'ilink', 'label'=>$label, 'rect'=>array($x0, $y0, $x1, $y1));
    $this->o_annotation($this->numObj, 'new', $info);
  }


  /**
   * set the encryption of the document
   * can be used to turn it on and/or set the passwords which it will have.
   * also the functions that the user will have are set here, such as print, modify, add
   */
  function setEncryption($userPass = '', $ownerPass = '', $pc = array()) {
    $p = bindec("11000000");

    $options =  array('print'=>4, 'modify'=>8, 'copy'=>16, 'add'=>32);

    foreach($pc as  $k=>$v) {
      if  ($v &&  isset($options[$k])) {
        $p+= $options[$k];
      } else  if  (isset($options[$v])) {
        $p+= $options[$v];
      }
    }

    // implement encryption on the document
    if  ($this->arc4_objnum ==  0) {
      // then the block does not exist already, add it.
      $this->numObj++;
      if  (mb_strlen($ownerPass) == 0) {
        $ownerPass = $userPass;
      }

      $this->o_encryption($this->numObj, 'new', array('user'=>$userPass, 'owner'=>$ownerPass, 'p'=>$p));
    }
  }


  /**
   * should be used for internal checks, not implemented as yet
   */
  function checkAllHere() {
  }


  /**
   * return the pdf stream as a string returned from the function
   */
  function output($debug = false) {
    if  ($debug) {
      // turn compression off
      $this->options['compression'] = false;
    }
    
    if ($this->javascript) {
      $this->numObj++;
      
      $js_id = $this->numObj;
      $this->o_embedjs($js_id, 'new');
      $this->o_javascript(++$this->numObj, 'new', $this->javascript);
      
      $id =  $this->catalogId;
      
      $this->o_catalog($id, 'javascript', $js_id);
    }

    if  ($this->arc4_objnum) {
      $this->ARC4_init($this->encryptionKey);
    }

    $this->checkAllHere();


    $xref = array();
    $content = '%PDF-1.3';
    $pos = mb_strlen($content, '8bit');

    foreach($this->objects as  $k=>$v) {
      $tmp = 'o_'.$v['t'];
      $cont = $this->$tmp($k, 'out');
      $content.= $cont;
      $xref[] = $pos;
      $pos+= mb_strlen($cont, '8bit');
    }

    $content.= "\nxref\n0 ".(count($xref) +1) ."\n0000000000 65535 f \n";

    foreach($xref as  $p) {
      $content.= str_pad($p,  10,  "0",  STR_PAD_LEFT)  . " 00000 n \n";
    }

    $content.= "trailer\n<<\n/Size ".(count($xref) +1) ."\n/Root 1 0 R\n/Info $this->infoObject 0 R\n";

    // if encryption has been applied to this document then add the marker for this dictionary
    if  ($this->arc4_objnum > 0) {
      $content.=  "/Encrypt $this->arc4_objnum 0 R\n";
    }

    if  (mb_strlen($this->fileIdentifier, '8bit')) {
      $content.=  "/ID[<$this->fileIdentifier><$this->fileIdentifier>]\n";
    }

    $content.=  ">>\nstartxref\n$pos\n%%EOF\n";

    return  $content;
  }

  /**
   * intialize a new document
   * if this is called on an existing document results may be unpredictable, but the existing document would be lost at minimum
   * this function is called automatically by the constructor function
   *
   * @access private
   */
  function newDocument($pageSize = array(0, 0, 612, 792)) {
    $this->numObj = 0;
    $this->objects =  array();

    $this->numObj++;
    $this->o_catalog($this->numObj, 'new');

    $this->numObj++;
    $this->o_outlines($this->numObj, 'new');

    $this->numObj++;
    $this->o_pages($this->numObj, 'new');

    $this->o_pages($this->numObj, 'mediaBox', $pageSize);
    $this->currentNode =  3;

    $this->numObj++;
    $this->o_procset($this->numObj, 'new');

    $this->numObj++;
    $this->o_info($this->numObj, 'new');

    $this->numObj++;
    $this->o_page($this->numObj, 'new');

    // need to store the first page id as there is no way to get it to the user during
    // startup
    $this->firstPageId =  $this->currentContents;
  }

  /**
   * open the font file and return a php structure containing it.
   * first check if this one has been done before and saved in a form more suited to php
   * note that if a php serialized version does not exist it will try and make one, but will
   * require write access to the directory to do it... it is MUCH faster to have these serialized
   * files.
   *
   * @access private
   */
  function openFont($font) {
    // assume that $font contains the path and file but not the extension
    $pos = strrpos($font, '/');

    if  ($pos === false) {
      $dir =  './';
      $name =  $font;
    } else {
      $dir = substr($font, 0, $pos+1);
      $name = substr($font, $pos+1);
    }
    
    $fontcache = $this->fontcache;
    if ($fontcache == '') {
      $fontcache = $dir;
    }
    
    //$name       filename without folder and extension of font metrics
    //$dir      folder of font metrics
    //$fontcache  folder of runtime created php serialized version of font metrics.
    //            If this is not given, the same folder as the font metrics will be used.
    //            Storing and reusing serialized versions improves speed much
    
    $this->addMessage("openFont: $font - $name");

    $metrics_name = $name . ($this->isUnicode ? '.ufm' : '.afm');
    
    // Core fonts don't currently work with composite fonts (for Unicode support).
    // The .ufm files have been removed so we need to check whether or not to use the
    // .ufm or .afm.
    if ($this->isUnicode && !file_exists("$dir/$metrics_name")) { $metrics_name = $name . '.afm'; }
    
    $cache_name = "$metrics_name.php";
    $this->addMessage("metrics: $metrics_name, cache: $cache_name");
    if  (file_exists($fontcache . $cache_name)) {
      $this->addMessage("openFont: php file exists $fontcache$cache_name");
      $this->fonts[$font] = require($fontcache . $cache_name);

      if  (!isset($this->fonts[$font]['_version_']) ||  $this->fonts[$font]['_version_'] != $this->fontcacheVersion) {
        // if the font file is old, then clear it out and prepare for re-creation
        $this->addMessage('openFont: clear out, make way for new version.');
        $this->fonts[$font] = null;
        unset($this->fonts[$font]);
      }
    }
    else {
      $old_cache_name = "php_$metrics_name";
      if (file_exists($fontcache . $old_cache_name)) {
        $this->addMessage("openFont: php file doesn't exist $fontcache$cache_name, creating it from the old format");
        $old_cache = file_get_contents($fontcache . $old_cache_name);
        file_put_contents($fontcache . $cache_name, '<?php return ' . $old_cache . ';');
        return $this->openFont($font);
      }
    }

    if  (!isset($this->fonts[$font]) &&  file_exists($dir . $metrics_name)) {
      // then rebuild the php_<font>.afm file from the <font>.afm file
      $this->addMessage("openFont: build php file from $dir$metrics_name");
      $data =  array();
      
      // 20 => 'space'
      $data['codeToName'] = array(); 
      
      // Since we're not going to enable Unicode for the core fonts we need to use a font-based
      // setting for Unicode support rather than a global setting.
      $data['isUnicode'] = (strtolower(substr($metrics_name, -3)) !== 'afm');
      
      $cidtogid = '';
      if ($data['isUnicode']) {
        $cidtogid = str_pad('', 256*256*2, "\x00");
      }

      $file =  file($dir . $metrics_name);

      foreach ($file as  $rowA) {
        $row = trim($rowA);
        $pos = strpos($row, ' ');

        if  ($pos) {
          // then there must be some keyword
          $key =  substr($row, 0, $pos);
          switch  ($key) {
          case  'FontName':
          case  'FullName':
          case  'FamilyName':
          case  'Weight':
          case  'ItalicAngle':
          case  'IsFixedPitch':
          case  'CharacterSet':
          case  'UnderlinePosition':
          case  'UnderlineThickness':
          case  'Version':
          case  'EncodingScheme':
          case  'CapHeight':
          case  'XHeight':
          case  'Ascender':
          case  'Descender':
          case  'StdHW':
          case  'StdVW':
          case  'StartCharMetrics':
          case  'FontHeightOffset': // OAR - Added so we can offset the height calculation of a Windows font.  Otherwise it's too big.
            $data[$key] = trim(substr($row, $pos));
            break;

          case  'FontBBox':
            $data[$key] = explode(' ', trim(substr($row, $pos)));
            break;

          //C 39 ; WX 222 ; N quoteright ; B 53 463 157 718 ;
          case  'C': // Found in AFM files
            $bits = explode(';', trim($row));
            $dtmp = array();

            foreach($bits as  $bit) {
              $bits2 =  explode(' ', trim($bit));
              if  (mb_strlen($bits2[0], '8bit') == 0) continue;
              
              if  (count($bits2) >2) {
                $dtmp[$bits2[0]] = array();
                for  ($i = 1;$i<count($bits2);$i++) {
                  $dtmp[$bits2[0]][] = $bits2[$i];
                }
              } else  if  (count($bits2) == 2) {
                $dtmp[$bits2[0]] = $bits2[1];
              }
            }

            $c = (int)$dtmp['C'];
            $n = $dtmp['N'];
            $width = floatval($dtmp['WX']);
            
            if  ($c >= 0) {
              if ($c != hexdec($n)) {
                $data['codeToName'][$c] = $n;
              }
              $data['C'][$c] = $width;
            } else {
              $data['C'][$n] = $width;
            }

            if  (!isset($data['MissingWidth']) && $c == -1 && $n === '.notdef') {
              $data['MissingWidth'] = $width;
            }
            
            break;

          // U 827 ; WX 0 ; N squaresubnosp ; G 675 ;
          case  'U': // Found in UFM files
            if (!$data['isUnicode']) break;
            
            $bits = explode(';', trim($row));
            $dtmp = array();

            foreach($bits as  $bit) {
              $bits2 =  explode(' ', trim($bit));
              if  (mb_strlen($bits2[0], '8bit') === 0) continue;
              
              if  (count($bits2) >2) {
                $dtmp[$bits2[0]] = array();
                for  ($i = 1;$i<count($bits2);$i++) {
                  $dtmp[$bits2[0]][] = $bits2[$i];
                }
              } else  if  (count($bits2) == 2) {
                $dtmp[$bits2[0]] = $bits2[1];
              }
            }

            $c = (int)$dtmp['U'];
            $n = $dtmp['N'];
            $glyph = $dtmp['G'];
            $width = floatval($dtmp['WX']);
            
            if  ($c >= 0) {
              // Set values in CID to GID map
              if ($c >= 0 && $c < 0xFFFF && $glyph) {
                $cidtogid[$c*2] = chr($glyph >> 8);
                $cidtogid[$c*2 + 1] = chr($glyph & 0xFF);
              }
            
              if ($c != hexdec($n)) {
                $data['codeToName'][$c] = $n;
              }
              $data['C'][$c] = $width;
            } else {
              $data['C'][$n] = $width;
            }
            
            if  (!isset($data['MissingWidth']) && $c == -1 && $n === '.notdef') {
              $data['MissingWidth'] = $width;
            }
              
            break;

          case  'KPX':
            break; // don't include them as they are not used yet
            //KPX Adieresis yacute -40
            $bits = explode(' ', trim($row));
            $data['KPX'][$bits[1]][$bits[2]] = $bits[3];
            break;
          }
        }
      }

      //    echo $cidtogid; die("CIDtoGID Displayed!");
      if  ($this->compressionReady && $this->options['compression']) {
        // then implement ZLIB based compression on CIDtoGID string
        $data['CIDtoGID_Compressed'] = true;
        $cidtogid =  gzcompress($cidtogid,  6);
      }
      $data['CIDtoGID'] = base64_encode($cidtogid);
      $data['_version_'] = $this->fontcacheVersion;
      $this->fonts[$font] = $data;

      //Because of potential trouble with php safe mode, expect that the folder already exists.
      //If not existing, this will hit performance because of missing cached results.
      if ( is_dir(substr($fontcache,0,-1)) && is_writable(substr($fontcache,0,-1)) ) {
        file_put_contents($fontcache . $cache_name, '<?php return ' . var_export($data,  true) . ';');
      }
      $data = null;
    }
    
    if  (!isset($this->fonts[$font])) {
      $this->addMessage("openFont: no font file found for $font.  Do you need to run load_font.php?");
      //echo 'Font not Found '.$font;
    }

    //pre_r($this->messages);
  }

  /**
   * if the font is not loaded then load it and make the required object
   * else just make it the current font
   * the encoding array can contain 'encoding'=> 'none','WinAnsiEncoding','MacRomanEncoding' or 'MacExpertEncoding'
   * note that encoding='none' will need to be used for symbolic fonts
   * and 'differences' => an array of mappings between numbers 0->255 and character names.
   *
   */
  function selectFont($fontName, $encoding =  '', $set =  true) {
    $ext = substr($fontName, -4);
    if  ($ext === '.afm' || $ext === '.ufm') {
      $fontName = substr($fontName, 0, mb_strlen($fontName)-4);
    }

    if  (!isset($this->fonts[$fontName])) {
      $this->addMessage("selectFont: selecting - $fontName - $encoding, $set");

      // load the file
      $this->openFont($fontName);

      if  (isset($this->fonts[$fontName])) {
        $this->numObj++;
        $this->numFonts++;

        //$this->numFonts = md5($fontName);
        $pos =  strrpos($fontName, '/');
        //      $dir = substr($fontName,0,$pos+1);
        $name =  substr($fontName, $pos+1);
        $options =  array('name' => $name, 'fontFileName' => $fontName);

        if  (is_array($encoding)) {
          // then encoding and differences might be set
          if  (isset($encoding['encoding'])) {
            $options['encoding'] =  $encoding['encoding'];
          }

          if  (isset($encoding['differences'])) {
            $options['differences'] =  $encoding['differences'];
          }
        } else  if  (mb_strlen($encoding, '8bit')) {
          // then perhaps only the encoding has been set
          $options['encoding'] =  $encoding;
        }

        $fontObj =  $this->numObj;
        $this->o_font($this->numObj, 'new', $options);
        $this->fonts[$fontName]['fontNum'] =  $this->numFonts;

        // if this is a '.afm' font, and there is a '.pfa' file to go with it ( as there
        // should be for all non-basic fonts), then load it into an object and put the
        // references into the font object
        $basefile =  $fontName;
        if  (file_exists($basefile.'.pfb')) {
          $fbtype =  'pfb';
        } else  if  (file_exists($basefile.'.ttf')) {
          $fbtype =  'ttf';
        } else {
          $fbtype =  '';
        }

        $fbfile =  $basefile.'.'.$fbtype;

        //      $pfbfile = substr($fontName,0,strlen($fontName)-4).'.pfb';
        //      $ttffile = substr($fontName,0,strlen($fontName)-4).'.ttf';
        $this->addMessage('selectFont: checking for - '.$fbfile);

        // OAR - I don't understand this old check
        // if  (substr($fontName, -4) ===  '.afm' &&  strlen($fbtype)) {
        if  (mb_strlen($fbtype, '8bit')) {
          $adobeFontName =  $this->fonts[$fontName]['FontName'];
          //        $fontObj = $this->numObj;
          $this->addMessage('selectFont: adding font file - '.$fbfile.' - '.$adobeFontName);

          // find the array of font widths, and put that into an object.
          $firstChar =  -1;
          $lastChar =  0;
          $widths =  array();
          $cid_widths = array();

          foreach ($this->fonts[$fontName]['C'] as  $num => $d) {
            if  (intval($num) >0 ||  $num ==  '0') {
              if (!$this->fonts[$fontName]['isUnicode']) {
                // With Unicode, widths array isn't used
                if  ($lastChar>0 &&  $num>$lastChar+1) {
                  for ($i =  $lastChar+1;$i<$num;$i++) {
                    $widths[] =  0;
                  }
                }
              }

              $widths[] =  $d;

              if ($this->fonts[$fontName]['isUnicode']) {
                $cid_widths[$num] =  $d;
              }

              if  ($firstChar ==  -1) {
                $firstChar =  $num;
              }

              $lastChar =  $num;
            }
          }

          // also need to adjust the widths for the differences array
          if  (isset($options['differences'])) {
            foreach($options['differences'] as  $charNum => $charName) {
              if  ($charNum > $lastChar) {
                if (!$this->fonts[$fontName]['isUnicode']) {
                  // With Unicode, widths array isn't used
                  for ($i =  $lastChar + 1; $i <=  $charNum; $i++) {
                    $widths[] =  0;
                  }
                }

                $lastChar =  $charNum;
              }

              if  (isset($this->fonts[$fontName]['C'][$charName])) {
                $widths[$charNum-$firstChar] =  $this->fonts[$fontName]['C'][$charName];
                if ($this->fonts[$fontName]['isUnicode']) {
                  $cid_widths[$charName] =  $this->fonts[$fontName]['C'][$charName];
                }
              }
            }
          }

          if ($this->fonts[$fontName]['isUnicode']) {
            $this->fonts[$fontName]['CIDWidths'] = $cid_widths;
          }

          $this->addMessage('selectFont: FirstChar = '.$firstChar);
          $this->addMessage('selectFont: LastChar = '.$lastChar);

          $widthid = -1;

          if (!$this->fonts[$fontName]['isUnicode']) {
            // With Unicode, widths array isn't used

            $this->numObj++;
            $this->o_contents($this->numObj, 'new', 'raw');
            $this->objects[$this->numObj]['c'].=  '[';

            foreach($widths as  $width) {
              $this->objects[$this->numObj]['c'].=  ' '.$width;
            }

            $this->objects[$this->numObj]['c'].=  ' ]';
            $widthid =  $this->numObj;
          }

          $missing_width = 500;
          $stemV = 70;

          if (isset($this->fonts[$fontName]['MissingWidth'])) {
            $missing_width =  $this->fonts[$fontName]['MissingWidth'];
          }
          if (isset($this->fonts[$fontName]['StdVW'])) {
            $stemV = $this->fonts[$fontName]['StdVW'];
          } elseif (isset($this->fonts[$fontName]['Weight']) && preg_match('!(bold|black)!i', $this->fonts[$fontName]['Weight'])) {
            $stemV = 120;
          }

          // load the pfb file, and put that into an object too.
          // note that pdf supports only binary format type 1 font files, though there is a
          // simple utility to convert them from pfa to pfb.
          $data =  file_get_contents($fbfile);

          // create the font descriptor
          $this->numObj++;
          $fontDescriptorId =  $this->numObj;

          $this->numObj++;
          $pfbid =  $this->numObj;

          // determine flags (more than a little flakey, hopefully will not matter much)
          $flags =  0;

          if  ($this->fonts[$fontName]['ItalicAngle'] !=  0) {
            $flags+=  pow(2, 6);
          }

          if  ($this->fonts[$fontName]['IsFixedPitch'] === 'true') {
            $flags+=  1;
          }

          $flags+=  pow(2, 5); // assume non-sybolic
          $list =  array(
            'Ascent' => 'Ascender',
            'CapHeight' => 'CapHeight',
            'MissingWidth' => 'MissingWidth',
            'Descent' => 'Descender',
            'FontBBox' => 'FontBBox',
            'ItalicAngle' => 'ItalicAngle'
          );
          $fdopt =  array(
            'Flags' => $flags,
            'FontName' => $adobeFontName,
            'StemV' => $stemV
          );

          foreach($list as  $k => $v) {
            if  (isset($this->fonts[$fontName][$v])) {
              $fdopt[$k] =  $this->fonts[$fontName][$v];
            }
          }

          if  ($fbtype === 'pfb') {
            $fdopt['FontFile'] =  $pfbid;
          } else  if  ($fbtype === 'ttf') {
            $fdopt['FontFile2'] =  $pfbid;
          }

          $this->o_fontDescriptor($fontDescriptorId, 'new', $fdopt);

          // embed the font program
          $this->o_contents($this->numObj, 'new');
          $this->objects[$pfbid]['c'].=  $data;

          // determine the cruicial lengths within this file
          if  ($fbtype === 'pfb') {
            $l1 =  strpos($data, 'eexec') +6;
            $l2 =  strpos($data, '00000000') -$l1;
            $l3 =  mb_strlen($data, '8bit') -$l2-$l1;
            $this->o_contents($this->numObj, 'add', array('Length1' => $l1, 'Length2' => $l2, 'Length3' => $l3));
          } else  if  ($fbtype == 'ttf') {
            $l1 =  mb_strlen($data, '8bit');
            $this->o_contents($this->numObj, 'add', array('Length1' => $l1));
          }

          // tell the font object about all this new stuff
          $tmp =  array(
            'BaseFont' => $adobeFontName,
            'MissingWidth' => $missing_width,
            'Widths' => $widthid,
            'FirstChar' => $firstChar,
            'LastChar' => $lastChar,
            'FontDescriptor' => $fontDescriptorId,
          );

          if  ($fbtype === 'ttf') {
            $tmp['SubType'] =  'TrueType';
          }

          $this->addMessage('adding extra info to font.('.$fontObj.')');

          foreach($tmp as  $fk => $fv) {
            $this->addMessage($fk." : ".$fv);
          }

          $this->o_font($fontObj, 'add', $tmp);
        } else {
          $this->addMessage('selectFont: pfb or ttf file not found, ok if this is one of the 14 standard fonts');
        }

        // also set the differences here, note that this means that these will take effect only the
        //first time that a font is selected, else they are ignored
        if  (isset($options['differences'])) {
          $this->fonts[$fontName]['differences'] =  $options['differences'];
        }
      }
    }

    if  ($set &&  isset($this->fonts[$fontName])) {
      // so if for some reason the font was not set in the last one then it will not be selected
      $this->currentBaseFont =  $fontName;

      // the next lines mean that if a new font is selected, then the current text state will be
      // applied to it as well.
      $this->currentFont =  $this->currentBaseFont;
      $this->currentFontNum =  $this->fonts[$this->currentFont]['fontNum'];

      //$this->setCurrentFont();
    }

    return  $this->currentFontNum;
    //return $this->numObj;
  }

  /**
   * sets up the current font, based on the font families, and the current text state
   * note that this system is quite flexible, a bold-italic font can be completely different to a
   * italic-bold font, and even bold-bold will have to be defined within the family to have meaning
   * This function is to be called whenever the currentTextState is changed, it will update
   * the currentFont setting to whatever the appropriatte family one is.
   * If the user calls selectFont themselves then that will reset the currentBaseFont, and the currentFont
   * This function will change the currentFont to whatever it should be, but will not change the
   * currentBaseFont.
   *
   * @access private
   */
  function setCurrentFont() {
    //   if (strlen($this->currentBaseFont) == 0){
    //     // then assume an initial font
    //     $this->selectFont($this->defaultFont);
    //   }
    //   $cf = substr($this->currentBaseFont,strrpos($this->currentBaseFont,'/')+1);
    //   if (strlen($this->currentTextState)
    //     && isset($this->fontFamilies[$cf])
    //       && isset($this->fontFamilies[$cf][$this->currentTextState])){
    //     // then we are in some state or another
    //     // and this font has a family, and the current setting exists within it
    //     // select the font, then return it
    //     $nf = substr($this->currentBaseFont,0,strrpos($this->currentBaseFont,'/')+1).$this->fontFamilies[$cf][$this->currentTextState];
    //     $this->selectFont($nf,'',0);
    //     $this->currentFont = $nf;
    //     $this->currentFontNum = $this->fonts[$nf]['fontNum'];
    //   } else {
    //     // the this font must not have the right family member for the current state
    //     // simply assume the base font
    $this->currentFont =  $this->currentBaseFont;
    $this->currentFontNum =  $this->fonts[$this->currentFont]['fontNum'];
    //  }
  }


  /**
   * function for the user to find out what the ID is of the first page that was created during
   * startup - useful if they wish to add something to it later.
   */
  function getFirstPageId() {
    return  $this->firstPageId;
  }


  /**
   * add content to the currently active object
   *
   * @access private
   */
  function addContent($content) {
    $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  $content;
  }


  /**
   * sets the colour for fill operations
   */
  function setColor($color, $force = false) {
    $new_color = array($color[0], $color[1], $color[2], isset($color[3]) ? $color[3] : null);
    
    if (!$force && $this->currentColour == $new_color) return;
    
    if (isset($new_color[3])) {
      $this->currentColour = $new_color;
      $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'] .= vsprintf("\n%.3F %.3F %.3F %.3F k", $this->currentColour);
    }

    elseif (isset($new_color[2])) {
      $this->currentColour = $new_color;
      $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'] .= vsprintf("\n%.3F %.3F %.3F rg", $this->currentColour);
    }
  }


  /**
   * sets the colour for stroke operations
   */
  function setStrokeColor($color, $force =  false) {
    $new_color = array($color[0], $color[1], $color[2], isset($color[3]) ? $color[3] : null);
    
    if (!$force && $this->currentStrokeColour == $new_color) return;
    
    if (isset($new_color[3])) {
      $this->currentStrokeColour = $new_color;
      $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'] .= vsprintf("\n%.3F %.3F %.3F %.3F K", $this->currentStrokeColour);
    }

    elseif (isset($new_color[2])) {
      $this->currentStrokeColour = $new_color;
      $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'] .= vsprintf("\n%.3F %.3F %.3F RG", $this->currentStrokeColour);
    }
  }


  /**
   * Set the graphics state for compositions
   */
  function setGraphicsState($parameters) {
    // Create a new graphics state object
    // FIXME: should actually keep track of states that have already been created...
    $this->numObj++;
    $this->o_extGState($this->numObj,  'new',  $parameters);
    $this->objects[ $this->currentContents ]['c'].=  "\n/GS$this->numStates gs";
  }


  /**
   * Set current blend mode & opacity for lines.
   *
   * Valid blend modes are:
   *
   * Normal, Multiply, Screen, Overlay, Darken, Lighten,
   * ColorDogde, ColorBurn, HardLight, SoftLight, Difference,
   * Exclusion
   *
   * @param string $mode the blend mode to use
   * @param float $opacity 0.0 fully transparent, 1.0 fully opaque
   */
  function setLineTransparency($mode, $opacity) {
    static $blend_modes = array("Normal", "Multiply", "Screen",
                                "Overlay", "Darken", "Lighten",
                                "ColorDogde", "ColorBurn", "HardLight",
                                "SoftLight", "Difference", "Exclusion");

    if ( !in_array($mode, $blend_modes) )
      $mode = "Normal";
    
    // Only create a new graphics state if required
    if ( $mode === $this->currentLineTransparency["mode"]  &&
         $opacity == $this->currentLineTransparency["opacity"] )
      return;

    $this->currentLineTransparency["mode"] = $mode;
    $this->currentLineTransparency["opacity"] = $opacity;
    
    $options = array("BM" => "/$mode",
                     "CA" => (float)$opacity);

    $this->setGraphicsState($options);
  }
  
  /**
   * Set current blend mode & opacity for filled objects.
   *
   * Valid blend modes are:
   *
   * Normal, Multiply, Screen, Overlay, Darken, Lighten,
   * ColorDogde, ColorBurn, HardLight, SoftLight, Difference,
   * Exclusion
   *
   * @param string $mode the blend mode to use
   * @param float $opacity 0.0 fully transparent, 1.0 fully opaque
   */
  function setFillTransparency($mode, $opacity) {
    static $blend_modes = array("Normal", "Multiply", "Screen",
                                "Overlay", "Darken", "Lighten",
                                "ColorDogde", "ColorBurn", "HardLight",
                                "SoftLight", "Difference", "Exclusion");

    if ( !in_array($mode, $blend_modes) )
      $mode = "Normal";

    if ( $mode === $this->currentFillTransparency["mode"]  &&
         $opacity == $this->currentFillTransparency["opacity"] )
      return;
      
    $this->currentFillTransparency["mode"] = $mode;
    $this->currentFillTransparency["opacity"] = $opacity;

    $options = array("BM" => "/$mode",
                     "ca" => (float)$opacity);
    
    $this->setGraphicsState($options);
  }

  /**
   * draw a line from one set of coordinates to another
   */
  function line($x1, $y1, $x2, $y2) {
    $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'] .= sprintf("\n%.3F %.3F m %.3F %.3F l S", $x1, $y1, $x2, $y2);
  }


  /**
   * draw a bezier curve based on 4 control points
   */
  function curve($x0, $y0, $x1, $y1, $x2, $y2, $x3, $y3) {
    // in the current line style, draw a bezier curve from (x0,y0) to (x3,y3) using the other two points
    // as the control points for the curve.
    $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'] .=
      sprintf("\n%.3F %.3F m %.3F %.3F %.3F %.3F %.3F %.3F c S", $x0, $y0, $x1, $y1, $x2, $y2, $x3, $y3);
  }


  /**
   * draw a part of an ellipse
   */
  function partEllipse($x0, $y0, $astart, $afinish, $r1, $r2 =  0, $angle =  0, $nSeg =  8) {
    $this->ellipse($x0, $y0, $r1, $r2, $angle, $nSeg, $astart, $afinish, false);
  }


  /**
   * draw a filled ellipse
   */
  function filledEllipse($x0, $y0, $r1, $r2 =  0, $angle =  0, $nSeg =  8, $astart =  0, $afinish =  360) {
    return  $this->ellipse($x0, $y0, $r1, $r2 =  0, $angle, $nSeg, $astart, $afinish, true, true);
  }


  /**
   * draw an ellipse
   * note that the part and filled ellipse are just special cases of this function
   *
   * draws an ellipse in the current line style
   * centered at $x0,$y0, radii $r1,$r2
   * if $r2 is not set, then a circle is drawn
   * nSeg is not allowed to be less than 2, as this will simply draw a line (and will even draw a
   * pretty crappy shape at 2, as we are approximating with bezier curves.
   */
  function ellipse($x0, $y0, $r1, $r2 =  0, $angle =  0, $nSeg =  8, $astart =  0, $afinish =  360, $close =  true, $fill =  false) {
    if  ($r1 ==  0) {
      return;
    }

    if  ($r2 ==  0) {
      $r2 =  $r1;
    }

    if  ($nSeg < 2) {
      $nSeg =  2;
    }

    $astart =  deg2rad((float)$astart);
    $afinish =  deg2rad((float)$afinish);
    $totalAngle = $afinish-$astart;

    $dt =  $totalAngle/$nSeg;
    $dtm =  $dt/3;

    if  ($angle !=  0) {
      $a =  -1*deg2rad((float)$angle);

      $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'] .=
        sprintf("\n q %.3F %.3F %.3F %.3F %.3F %.3F cm", cos($a), -sin($a), sin($a), cos($a), $x0, $y0);

      $x0 =  0;
      $y0 =  0;
    }

    $t1 =  $astart;
    $a0 =  $x0 + $r1*cos($t1);
    $b0 =  $y0 + $r2*sin($t1);
    $c0 =  -$r1 * sin($t1);
    $d0 =  $r2 * cos($t1);

    $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'] .= sprintf("\n%.3F %.3F m ", $a0, $b0);

    for  ($i = 1; $i <=  $nSeg; $i++) {
      // draw this bit of the total curve
      $t1 =  $i * $dt + $astart;
      $a1 =  $x0 + $r1 * cos($t1);
      $b1 =  $y0 + $r2 * sin($t1);
      $c1 = -$r1 * sin($t1);
      $d1 =  $r2 * cos($t1);

      $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'] .=
        sprintf("\n%.3F %.3F %.3F %.3F %.3F %.3F c", ($a0+$c0*$dtm), ($b0+$d0*$dtm), ($a1-$c1*$dtm), ($b1-$d1*$dtm), $a1, $b1);

      $a0 =  $a1;
      $b0 =  $b1;
      $c0 =  $c1;
      $d0 =  $d1;
    }

    if  ($fill) {
      $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  ' f';
    } else if ($close) {
      $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  ' s'; // small 's' signifies closing the path as well
    } else {
      $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  ' S';
    }

    if  ($angle !=  0) {
      $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  ' Q';
    }
  }


  /**
   * this sets the line drawing style.
   * width, is the thickness of the line in user units
   * cap is the type of cap to put on the line, values can be 'butt','round','square'
   *    where the diffference between 'square' and 'butt' is that 'square' projects a flat end past the
   *    end of the line.
   * join can be 'miter', 'round', 'bevel'
   * dash is an array which sets the dash pattern, is a series of length values, which are the lengths of the
   *   on and off dashes.
   *   (2) represents 2 on, 2 off, 2 on , 2 off ...
   *   (2,1) is 2 on, 1 off, 2 on, 1 off.. etc
   * phase is a modifier on the dash pattern which is used to shift the point at which the pattern starts.
   */
  function setLineStyle($width =  1, $cap =  '', $join =  '', $dash =  '', $phase =  0) {
    // this is quite inefficient in that it sets all the parameters whenever 1 is changed, but will fix another day
    $string =  '';

    if  ($width>0) {
      $string.=  "$width w";
    }

    $ca =  array('butt' => 0, 'round' => 1, 'square' => 2);

    if  (isset($ca[$cap])) {
      $string.=  " $ca[$cap] J";
    }

    $ja =  array('miter' => 0, 'round' => 1, 'bevel' => 2);

    if  (isset($ja[$join])) {
      $string.=  " $ja[$join] j";
    }

    if  (is_array($dash)) {
      $string.=  ' [ ' . implode(' ', $dash) . " ] $phase d";
    }

    $this->currentLineStyle =  $string;
    $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  "\n$string";
  }



  /**
   * draw a polygon, the syntax for this is similar to the GD polygon command
   */
  function polygon($p, $np, $f = false) {
    $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  sprintf("\n%.3F %.3F m ", $p[0], $p[1]);

    for  ($i =  2; $i < $np * 2; $i =  $i + 2) {
      $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  sprintf("%.3F %.3F l ", $p[$i], $p[$i+1]);
    }

    if  ($f) {
      $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  ' f';
    } else {
      $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  ' S';
    }
  }


  /**
   * a filled rectangle, note that it is the width and height of the rectangle which are the secondary paramaters, not
   * the coordinates of the upper-right corner
   */
  function filledRectangle($x1, $y1, $width, $height) {
    $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  sprintf("\n%.3F %.3F %.3F %.3F re f", $x1, $y1, $width, $height);
  }


  /**
   * draw a rectangle, note that it is the width and height of the rectangle which are the secondary paramaters, not
   * the coordinates of the upper-right corner
   */
  function rectangle($x1, $y1, $width, $height) {
    $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  sprintf("\n%.3F %.3F %.3F %.3F re S", $x1, $y1, $width, $height);
  }


  /**
   * save the current graphic state
   */
  function save() {
    $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  "\nq";
  }
  
  /**
   * restore the last graphic state
   */
  function restore() {
    $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  "\nQ";
  }
  
  /**
   * draw a clipping rectangle, all the elements added after this will be clipped
   */
  function clippingRectangle($x1, $y1, $width, $height) {
    $this->save();
    $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  sprintf("\n%.3F %.3F %.3F %.3F re W n", $x1, $y1, $width, $height);
  }

  
  /*
   * ends the last clipping shape
   */
  function clippingEnd() {
    $this->restore();
  }

  /**
   * scale
   * @param float $s_x scaling factor for width as percent
   * @param float $s_y scaling factor for height as percent
   * @param float $x Origin abscisse
   * @param float $y Origin ordinate
   */
  function scale($s_x, $s_y, $x, $y) {
    $y = $this->currentPageSize["height"] - $y;

    $tm = array(
      $s_x,        0,
      0,           $s_y,
      $x*(1-$s_x), $y*(1-$s_y)
    );
    
    $this->transform($tm);
  }
  
  /**
   * translate
   * @param float $t_x movement to the right
   * @param float $t_y movement to the bottom
   */
  function translate($t_x, $t_y) {
    $tm = array(
      1,    0,
      0,    1,
      $t_x, -$t_y
    );
    
    $this->transform($tm);
  }

  /**
   * rotate
   * @param float $angle angle in degrees for counter-clockwise rotation
   * @param float $x Origin abscisse
   * @param float $y Origin ordinate
   */
  function rotate($angle, $x, $y) {
    $y = $this->currentPageSize["height"] - $y;
    
    $a = deg2rad($angle);
    $cos_a = cos($a);
    $sin_a = sin($a);
    
    $tm = array(
      $cos_a,                     -$sin_a,
      $sin_a,                     $cos_a,
      $x - $sin_a*$y - $cos_a*$x, $y - $cos_a*$y + $sin_a*$x, 
    );
    
    $this->transform($tm);
  }
  
  /**
   * skew
   * @param float $angle_x
   * @param float $angle_y
   * @param float $x Origin abscisse
   * @param float $y Origin ordinate
   */
  function skew($angle_x, $angle_y, $x, $y) {
    $y = $this->currentPageSize["height"] - $y;
    
    $tan_x = tan(deg2rad($angle_x));
    $tan_y = tan(deg2rad($angle_y));
    
    $tm = array(
      1,         -$tan_y,
      -$tan_x,   1,
      $tan_x*$y, $tan_y*$x, 
    );

    $this->transform($tm);
  }

  /**
   * apply graphic transformations
   * @param array $tm transformation matrix
   */
  function transform($tm) {
    $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=
      vsprintf("\n %.3F %.3F %.3F %.3F %.3F %.3F cm", $tm);
  }


  /**
   * add a new page to the document
   * this also makes the new page the current active object
   */
  function newPage($insert =  0, $id =  0, $pos =  'after') {
    // if there is a state saved, then go up the stack closing them
    // then on the new page, re-open them with the right setings

    if  ($this->nStateStack) {
      for  ($i =  $this->nStateStack;$i >=  1;$i--) {
        $this->restoreState($i);
      }
    }

    $this->numObj++;

    if  ($insert) {
      // the id from the ezPdf class is the id of the contents of the page, not the page object itself
      // query that object to find the parent
      $rid =  $this->objects[$id]['onPage'];
      $opt =  array('rid' => $rid, 'pos' => $pos);
      $this->o_page($this->numObj, 'new', $opt);
    } else {
      $this->o_page($this->numObj, 'new');
    }

    // if there is a stack saved, then put that onto the page
    if  ($this->nStateStack) {
      for  ($i =  1;$i <=  $this->nStateStack;$i++) {
        $this->saveState($i);
      }
    }

    // and if there has been a stroke or fill colour set, then transfer them
    if  (isset($this->currentColour)) {
      $this->setColor($this->currentColour, true);
    }

    if  (isset($this->currentStrokeColour)) {
      $this->setStrokeColor($this->currentStrokeColour, true);
    }

    // if there is a line style set, then put this in too
    if  (mb_strlen($this->currentLineStyle, '8bit')) {
      $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  "\n$this->currentLineStyle";
    }

    // the call to the o_page object set currentContents to the present page, so this can be returned as the page id
    return  $this->currentContents;
  }


  /**
   * output the pdf code, streaming it to the browser
   * the relevant headers are set so that hopefully the browser will recognise it
   */
  function stream($options =  '') {
    // setting the options allows the adjustment of the headers
    // values at the moment are:
    // 'Content-Disposition' => 'filename'  - sets the filename, though not too sure how well this will
    //        work as in my trial the browser seems to use the filename of the php file with .pdf on the end
    // 'Accept-Ranges' => 1 or 0 - if this is not set to 1, then this header is not included, off by default
    //    this header seems to have caused some problems despite tha fact that it is supposed to solve
    //    them, so I am leaving it off by default.
    // 'compress' = > 1 or 0 - apply content stream compression, this is on (1) by default
    // 'Attachment' => 1 or 0 - if 1, force the browser to open a download dialog
    if  (!is_array($options)) {
      $options =  array();
    }

    if  ( headers_sent())
      die("Unable to stream pdf: headers already sent");

    $debug = empty($options['compression']);
    $tmp =  ltrim($this->output($debug));

    header("Cache-Control: private");
    header("Content-type: application/pdf");

    //FIXME: I don't know that this is sufficient for determining content length (i.e. what about transport compression?)
    header("Content-Length: " . mb_strlen($tmp, '8bit'));
    $fileName =  (isset($options['Content-Disposition']) ?  $options['Content-Disposition'] :  'file.pdf');

    if  ( !isset($options["Attachment"]))
      $options["Attachment"] =  true;

    $attachment =  $options["Attachment"] ?  "attachment" :  "inline";

    header("Content-Disposition: $attachment; filename=\"$fileName\"");

    if  (isset($options['Accept-Ranges']) &&  $options['Accept-Ranges'] ==  1) {
      //FIXME: Is this the correct value ... spec says 1#range-unit
      header("Accept-Ranges: " . mb_strlen($tmp, '8bit'));
    }

    echo  $tmp;
    flush();
  }


  /**
   * return the height in units of the current font in the given size
   */
  function getFontHeight($size) {
    if  (!$this->numFonts) {
      $this->selectFont($this->defaultFont);
    }
    
    $font = $this->fonts[$this->currentFont];
    
    // for the current font, and the given size, what is the height of the font in user units
    if ( isset($font['Ascender']) && isset($font['Descender']) ) {
      $h =  $font['Ascender']-$font['Descender'];
    }
    else {
      $h =  $font['FontBBox'][3]-$font['FontBBox'][1];
    }

    // have to adjust by a font offset for Windows fonts.  unfortunately it looks like
    // the bounding box calculations are wrong and I don't know why.
    if (isset($font['FontHeightOffset'])) {
      // For CourierNew from Windows this needs to be -646 to match the
      // Adobe native Courier font.
      //
      // For FreeMono from GNU this needs to be -337 to match the
      // Courier font.
      //
      // Both have been added manually to the .afm and .ufm files.
      $h += (int)$font['FontHeightOffset'];
    }

    return  $size*$h/1000;
  }


  /**
   * return the font descender, this will normally return a negative number
   * if you add this number to the baseline, you get the level of the bottom of the font
   * it is in the pdf user units
   */
  function getFontDescender($size) {
    // note that this will most likely return a negative value
    if  (!$this->numFonts) {
      $this->selectFont($this->defaultFont);
    }

    //$h = $this->fonts[$this->currentFont]['FontBBox'][1];
    $h = $this->fonts[$this->currentFont]['Descender'];

    return  $size*$h/1000;
  }


  /**
   * filter the text, this is applied to all text just before being inserted into the pdf document
   * it escapes the various things that need to be escaped, and so on
   *
   * @access private
   */
  function filterText($text, $bom = true, $convert_encoding = true) {
    if (!$this->numFonts) {
      $this->selectFont($this->defaultFont);
    }
    
    if ($convert_encoding) {
      $cf = $this->currentFont;
      if (isset($this->fonts[$cf]) && $this->fonts[$cf]['isUnicode']) {
        //$text = html_entity_decode($text, ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8');
        $text =  $this->utf8toUtf16BE($text, $bom);
      } else {
        //$text = html_entity_decode($text, ENT_QUOTES);
        $text = mb_convert_encoding($text, self::$targetEncoding, 'UTF-8');
      }
    }

    // the chr(13) substitution fixes a bug seen in TCPDF (bug #1421290)
    return strtr($text, array(')' => '\\)', '(' => '\\(', '\\' => '\\\\', chr(13) => '\r'));
  }

  /**
   * return array containing codepoints (UTF-8 character values) for the
   * string passed in.
   *
   * based on the excellent TCPDF code by Nicola Asuni and the
   * RFC for UTF-8 at http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc3629.html
   *
   * @access private
   * @author Orion Richardson
   * @since January 5, 2008
   * @param string $text UTF-8 string to process
   * @return array UTF-8 codepoints array for the string
   */
  function utf8toCodePointsArray(&$text) {
    $length = mb_strlen($text, '8bit'); // http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.mb-strlen.php#77040
    $unicode = array(); // array containing unicode values
    $bytes = array(); // array containing single character byte sequences
    $numbytes = 1; // number of octetc needed to represent the UTF-8 character
    
    for ($i = 0; $i < $length; $i++) {
      $c = ord($text[$i]); // get one string character at time
      if (count($bytes) === 0) { // get starting octect
        if ($c <= 0x7F) {
          $unicode[] = $c; // use the character "as is" because is ASCII
          $numbytes = 1;
        } elseif (($c >> 0x05) === 0x06) { // 2 bytes character (0x06 = 110 BIN)
          $bytes[] = ($c - 0xC0) << 0x06;
          $numbytes = 2;
        } elseif (($c >> 0x04) === 0x0E) { // 3 bytes character (0x0E = 1110 BIN)
          $bytes[] = ($c - 0xE0) << 0x0C;
          $numbytes = 3;
        } elseif (($c >> 0x03) === 0x1E) { // 4 bytes character (0x1E = 11110 BIN)
          $bytes[] = ($c - 0xF0) << 0x12;
          $numbytes = 4;
        } else {
          // use replacement character for other invalid sequences
          $unicode[] = 0xFFFD;
          $bytes = array();
          $numbytes = 1;
        }
      } elseif (($c >> 0x06) === 0x02) { // bytes 2, 3 and 4 must start with 0x02 = 10 BIN
        $bytes[] = $c - 0x80;
        if (count($bytes) === $numbytes) {
          // compose UTF-8 bytes to a single unicode value
          $c = $bytes[0];
          for ($j = 1; $j < $numbytes; $j++) {
            $c += ($bytes[$j] << (($numbytes - $j - 1) * 0x06));
          }
          if ((($c >= 0xD800) AND ($c <= 0xDFFF)) OR ($c >= 0x10FFFF)) {
            // The definition of UTF-8 prohibits encoding character numbers between
            // U+D800 and U+DFFF, which are reserved for use with the UTF-16
            // encoding form (as surrogate pairs) and do not directly represent
            // characters.
            $unicode[] = 0xFFFD; // use replacement character
          } else {
            $unicode[] = $c; // add char to array
          }
          // reset data for next char
          $bytes = array();
          $numbytes = 1;
        }
      } else {
        // use replacement character for other invalid sequences
        $unicode[] = 0xFFFD;
        $bytes = array();
        $numbytes = 1;
      }
    }
    return $unicode;
  }

  /**
   * convert UTF-8 to UTF-16 with an additional byte order marker
   * at the front if required.
   *
   * based on the excellent TCPDF code by Nicola Asuni and the
   * RFC for UTF-8 at http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc3629.html
   *
   * @access private
   * @author Orion Richardson
   * @since January 5, 2008
   * @param string $text UTF-8 string to process
   * @param boolean $bom whether to add the byte order marker
   * @return string UTF-16 result string
   */
  function utf8toUtf16BE(&$text, $bom = true) {
    $cf =  $this->currentFont;
    if (!$this->fonts[$cf]['isUnicode']) return $text;
    $out = $bom ? "\xFE\xFF" : '';
    
    $unicode = $this->utf8toCodePointsArray($text);
    foreach ($unicode as $c) {
      if ($c === 0xFFFD) {
        $out .= "\xFF\xFD"; // replacement character
      } elseif ($c < 0x10000) {
        $out .= chr($c >> 0x08) . chr($c & 0xFF);
       } else {
        $c -= 0x10000;
        $w1 = 0xD800 | ($c >> 0x10);
        $w2 = 0xDC00 | ($c & 0x3FF);
        $out .= chr($w1 >> 0x08) . chr($w1 & 0xFF) . chr($w2 >> 0x08) . chr($w2 & 0xFF);
      }
    }
    return $out;
  }


  /**
   * given a start position and information about how text is to be laid out, calculate where
   * on the page the text will end
   *
   * @access private
   */
  function PRVTgetTextPosition($x, $y, $angle, $size, $wa, $text) {
    // given this information return an array containing x and y for the end position as elements 0 and 1
    $w =  $this->getTextWidth($size, $text);

    // need to adjust for the number of spaces in this text
    $words =  explode(' ', $text);
    $nspaces =  count($words) -1;
    $w+=  $wa*$nspaces;
    $a =  deg2rad((float)$angle);

    return  array(cos($a) *$w+$x, -sin($a) *$w+$y);
  }


  /**
   * wrapper function for PRVTcheckTextDirective1
   *
   * @access private
   */
  function PRVTcheckTextDirective(&$text, $i, &$f) {
    return  0;
    $x =  0;
    $y =  0;
    return  $this->PRVTcheckTextDirective1($text, $i, $f, 0, $x, $y);
  }


  /**
   * checks if the text stream contains a control directive
   * if so then makes some changes and returns the number of characters involved in the directive
   * this has been re-worked to include everything neccesary to find the current writing point, so that
   * the location can be sent to the callback function if required
   * if the directive does not require a font change, then $f should be set to 0
   *
   * @access private
   */
  function PRVTcheckTextDirective1(&$text, $i, &$f, $final, &$x, &$y, $size =  0, $angle =  0, $wordSpaceAdjust =  0) {
    return  0;
    $directive =  0;
    $j =  $i;
    if  ($text[$j] === '<') {
      $j++;
      switch ($text[$j]) {
      case  '/':
        $j++;
        if  (mb_strlen($text) <=  $j) {
          return  $directive;
        }

        switch ($text[$j]) {
        case  'b':
        case  'i':
          $j++;
          if  ($text[$j] === '>') {
            $p =  mb_strrpos($this->currentTextState, $text[$j-1]);

            if  ($p !==  false) {
              // then there is one to remove
              $this->currentTextState =  mb_substr($this->currentTextState, 0, $p) .substr($this->currentTextState, $p+1);
            }

            $directive =  $j-$i+1;
          }
          break;

        case  'c':
          // this this might be a callback function
          $j++;
          $k =  mb_strpos($text, '>', $j);

          if  ($k !==  false &&  $text[$j] === ':') {
            // then this will be treated as a callback directive
            $directive =  $k-$i+1;
            $f =  0;
            // split the remainder on colons to get the function name and the paramater
            $tmp =  mb_substr($text, $j+1, $k-$j-1);
            $b1 =  mb_strpos($tmp, ':');

            if  ($b1 !==  false) {
              $func =  mb_substr($tmp, 0, $b1);
              $parm =  mb_substr($tmp, $b1+1);
            } else {
              $func =  $tmp;
              $parm =  '';
            }

            if  (!isset($func) ||  !mb_strlen(trim($func), '8bit')) {
              $directive =  0;
            } else {
              // only call the function if this is the final call
              if  ($final) {
                // need to assess the text position, calculate the text width to this point
                // can use getTextWidth to find the text width I think
                $tmp =  $this->PRVTgetTextPosition($x, $y, $angle, $size, $wordSpaceAdjust, mb_substr($text, 0, $i));

                $info =  array('x' => $tmp[0], 'y' => $tmp[1], 'angle' => $angle, 'status' => 'end', 'p' => $parm, 'nCallback' => $this->nCallback);
                $x =  $tmp[0];
                $y =  $tmp[1];
                $ret =  $this->$func($info);

                if  (is_array($ret)) {
                  // then the return from the callback function could set the position, to start with, later will do font colour, and font
                  foreach($ret as  $rk => $rv) {
                    switch ($rk) {
                    case  'x':
                    case  'y':
                      $$rk =  $rv;
                      break;
                    }
                  }
                }

                // also remove from to the stack
                // for simplicity, just take from the end, fix this another day
                $this->nCallback--;
                if  ($this->nCallback<0) {
                  $this->nCallBack =  0;
                }
              }
            }
          }
          break;
        }
        break;

      case  'b':
      case  'i':
        $j++;
        if  ($text[$j] === '>') {
          $this->currentTextState.=  $text[$j-1];
          $directive =  $j-$i+1;
        }
        break;

      case  'C':
        $noClose =  1;
      case  'c':
        // this this might be a callback function
        $j++;
        $k =  mb_strpos($text, '>', $j);

        if  ($k !==  false &&  $text[$j] ===  ':') {
          // then this will be treated as a callback directive
          $directive =  $k-$i+1;

          $f =  0;

          // split the remainder on colons to get the function name and the paramater
          //          $bits = explode(':',substr($text,$j+1,$k-$j-1));
          $tmp =  mb_substr($text, $j+1, $k-$j-1);
          $b1 =  mb_strpos($tmp, ':');

          if  ($b1 !==  false) {
            $func =  mb_substr($tmp, 0, $b1);
            $parm =  mb_substr($tmp, $b1+1);
          } else {
            $func =  $tmp;
            $parm =  '';
          }

          if  (!isset($func) ||  !mb_strlen(trim($func), '8bit')) {
            $directive =  0;
          } else {
            // only call the function if this is the final call, ie, the one actually doing printing, not measurement
            if  ($final) {
              // need to assess the text position, calculate the text width to this point
              // can use getTextWidth to find the text width I think
              // also add the text height and descender
              $tmp =  $this->PRVTgetTextPosition($x, $y, $angle, $size, $wordSpaceAdjust, mb_substr($text, 0, $i));

              $info =  array(
                'x' => $tmp[0],
                'y' => $tmp[1],
                'angle' => $angle,
                'status' => 'start',
                'p' => $parm,
                'f' => $func,
                'height' => $this->getFontHeight($size),
                'descender' => $this->getFontDescender($size)
              );
              $x =  $tmp[0];
              $y =  $tmp[1];

              if  (!isset($noClose) ||  !$noClose) {
                // only add to the stack if this is a small 'c', therefore is a start-stop pair
                $this->nCallback++;
                $info['nCallback'] =  $this->nCallback;
                $this->callback[$this->nCallback] =  $info;
              }

              $ret =  $this->$func($info);
              if  (is_array($ret)) {
                // then the return from the callback function could set the position, to start with, later will do font colour, and font
                foreach($ret as  $rk => $rv) {
                  switch ($rk) {
                  case  'x':
                  case  'y':
                    $$rk =  $rv;
                    break;
                  }
                }
              }
            }
          }
        }
        break;
      }
    }

    return  $directive;
  }
  
  function toUpper($matches) {
    return mb_strtoupper($matches[0]);
  }


  /**
   * add text to the document, at a specified location, size and angle on the page
   */
  function addText($x, $y, $size, $text, $angle =  0, $wordSpaceAdjust =  0, $charSpaceAdjust =  0, $smallCaps = false) {
    if  (!$this->numFonts) {
      $this->selectFont($this->defaultFont);
    }
    
    if ($smallCaps) {
      $text = preg_replace_callback("/\p{Ll}/u", array($this, "toUpper"), $text);
    }

    // if there are any open callbacks, then they should be called, to show the start of the line
    if  ($this->nCallback>0) {
      for  ($i =  $this->nCallback;$i>0;$i--) {
        // call each function
        $info =  array('x' => $x,
                       'y' => $y,
                       'angle' => $angle,
                       'status' => 'sol',
                       'p'         => $this->callback[$i]['p'],
                       'nCallback' => $this->callback[$i]['nCallback'],
                       'height'    => $this->callback[$i]['height'],
                       'descender' => $this->callback[$i]['descender']);

        $func =  $this->callback[$i]['f'];
        $this->$func($info);
      }
    }

    if  ($angle ==  0) {
      $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  sprintf("\nBT %.3F %.3F Td", $x, $y);
    } else {
      $a =  deg2rad((float)$angle);
      $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=
        sprintf("\nBT %.3F %.3F %.3F %.3F %.3F %.3F Tm", cos($a), -sin($a), sin($a), cos($a), $x, $y);
    }

    if  ($wordSpaceAdjust !=  0 ||  $wordSpaceAdjust !=  $this->wordSpaceAdjust) {
      $this->wordSpaceAdjust =  $wordSpaceAdjust;
      $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  sprintf(" %.3F Tw", $wordSpaceAdjust);
    }

    if  ($charSpaceAdjust !=  0 ||  $charSpaceAdjust !=  $this->charSpaceAdjust) {
      $this->charSpaceAdjust =  $charSpaceAdjust;
      $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  sprintf(" %.3F Tc", $charSpaceAdjust);
    }

    $len =  mb_strlen($text);
    $start =  0;

    /*
     for ($i = 0;$i<$len;$i++){
     $f = 1;
     $directive = 0; //$this->PRVTcheckTextDirective($text,$i,$f);
     if ($directive){
     // then we should write what we need to
     if ($i>$start){
     $part = mb_substr($text,$start,$i-$start);
     $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'] .= ' /F'.$this->currentFontNum.' '.sprintf('%.1F',$size).' Tf ';
     $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'] .= ' ('.$this->filterText($part, false).') Tj';
     }
     if ($f){
     // then there was nothing drastic done here, restore the contents
     $this->setCurrentFont();
     } else {
     $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'] .= ' ET';
     $f = 1;
     $xp = $x;
     $yp = $y;
     $directive = 0; //$this->PRVTcheckTextDirective1($text,$i,$f,1,$xp,$yp,$size,$angle,$wordSpaceAdjust);

     // restart the text object
     if ($angle == 0){
     $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'] .= "\n".'BT '.sprintf('%.3F',$xp).' '.sprintf('%.3F',$yp).' Td';
     } else {
     $a = deg2rad((float)$angle);
     $tmp = "\n".'BT ';
     $tmp .= sprintf('%.3F',cos($a)).' '.sprintf('%.3F',(-1.0*sin($a))).' '.sprintf('%.3F',sin($a)).' '.sprintf('%.3F',cos($a)).' ';
     $tmp .= sprintf('%.3F',$xp).' '.sprintf('%.3F',$yp).' Tm';
     $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'] .= $tmp;
     }
     if ($wordSpaceAdjust != 0 || $wordSpaceAdjust != $this->wordSpaceAdjust){
     $this->wordSpaceAdjust = $wordSpaceAdjust;
     $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'] .= ' '.sprintf('%.3F',$wordSpaceAdjust).' Tw';
     }
     }
     // and move the writing point to the next piece of text
     $i = $i+$directive-1;
     $start = $i+1;
     }

     }
    */
    if  ($start < $len) {
      $part =  $text; // OAR - Don't need this anymore, given that $start always equals zero.  substr($text, $start);
      $place_text = $this->filterText($part, false);
      // modify unicode text so that extra word spacing is manually implemented (bug #)
      $cf = $this->currentFont;
      if ($this->fonts[$cf]['isUnicode'] && $wordSpaceAdjust != 0) {
        $space_scale = 1000 / $size;
        //$place_text = str_replace(' ', ') ( ) '.($this->getTextWidth($size, chr(32), $wordSpaceAdjust)*-75).' (', $place_text);
        $place_text = str_replace(' ', ' ) '.(-round($space_scale*$wordSpaceAdjust)).' (', $place_text);
      }
      $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  " /F$this->currentFontNum ".sprintf('%.1F Tf ', $size);
      $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  " [($place_text)] TJ";
    }

    $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  ' ET';

    // if there are any open callbacks, then they should be called, to show the end of the line
    if  ($this->nCallback>0) {
      for  ($i =  $this->nCallback;$i>0;$i--) {
        // call each function
        $tmp =  $this->PRVTgetTextPosition($x, $y, $angle, $size, $wordSpaceAdjust, $text);
        $info =  array(
          'x' => $tmp[0],
          'y' => $tmp[1],
          'angle' => $angle,
          'status' => 'eol',
          'p'         => $this->callback[$i]['p'],
          'nCallback' => $this->callback[$i]['nCallback'],
          'height'    => $this->callback[$i]['height'],
          'descender' => $this->callback[$i]['descender']
        );
        $func =  $this->callback[$i]['f'];
        $this->$func($info);
      }
    }
  }


  /**
   * calculate how wide a given text string will be on a page, at a given size.
   * this can be called externally, but is alse used by the other class functions
   */
  function getTextWidth($size, $text, $word_spacing =  0, $char_spacing =  0) {
    // this function should not change any of the settings, though it will need to
    // track any directives which change during calculation, so copy them at the start
    // and put them back at the end.
    $store_currentTextState =  $this->currentTextState;

    if (!$this->numFonts) {
      $this->selectFont($this->defaultFont);
    }

    // converts a number or a float to a string so it can get the width
    $text = "$text";

    // hmm, this is where it all starts to get tricky - use the font information to
    // calculate the width of each character, add them up and convert to user units
    $w = 0;
    $cf = $this->currentFont;
    $current_font = $this->fonts[$cf];
    $space_scale = 1000 / $size;
    $n_spaces = 0;
    
    if ( $current_font['isUnicode']) {
      // for Unicode, use the code points array to calculate width rather
      // than just the string itself
      $unicode = $this->utf8toCodePointsArray($text);

      foreach ($unicode as $char) {
        // check if we have to replace character
        if ( isset($current_font['differences'][$char])) {
          $char = $current_font['differences'][$char];
        }
        
        if ( isset($current_font['C'][$char]) ) {
          $char_width = $current_font['C'][$char];
          
          // add the character width
          $w += $char_width;
          
          // add additional padding for space
          if ( isset($current_font['codeToName'][$char]) && $current_font['codeToName'][$char] === 'space' ) {  // Space
            $w += $word_spacing * $space_scale;
            $n_spaces++;
          }
        }
      }
      
      // add additionnal char spacing
      if ( $char_spacing != 0 ) {
        $w += $char_spacing * $space_scale * (count($unicode) + $n_spaces);
      }

    } else {
      // If CPDF is in Unicode mode but the current font does not support Unicode we need to convert the character set to Windows-1252
      if ( $this->isUnicode ) { 
        $text = mb_convert_encoding($text, 'Windows-1252', 'UTF-8');
      }
      
      $len = mb_strlen($text, 'Windows-1252');

      for ($i = 0; $i < $len; $i++) {
        $char = ord($text[$i]);
        
        // check if we have to replace character
        if ( isset($current_font['differences'][$char])) {
          $char = $current_font['differences'][$char];
        }
        
        if ( isset($current_font['C'][$char]) ) {
          $char_width = $current_font['C'][$char];
          
          // add the character width
          $w += $char_width;
          
          // add additional padding for space
          if ( isset($current_font['codeToName'][$char]) && $current_font['codeToName'][$char] === 'space' ) {  // Space
            $w += $word_spacing * $space_scale;
            $n_spaces++;
          }
        }
      }
      
      // add additionnal char spacing
      if ( $char_spacing != 0 )  {
        $w += $char_spacing * $space_scale * ($len + $n_spaces);
      }
    }

    $this->currentTextState = $store_currentTextState;
    $this->setCurrentFont();

    return  $w*$size/1000;
  }


  /**
   * do a part of the calculation for sorting out the justification of the text
   *
   * @access private
   */
  function PRVTadjustWrapText($text, $actual, $width, &$x, &$adjust, $justification) {
    switch  ($justification) {
    case  'left':
      return;

    case  'right':
      $x+=  $width-$actual;
      break;

    case  'center':
    case  'centre':
      $x+=  ($width-$actual) /2;
      break;

    case  'full':
      // count the number of words
      $words =  explode(' ', $text);
      $nspaces =  count($words) -1;

      if  ($nspaces>0) {
        $adjust =  ($width-$actual) /$nspaces;
      } else {
        $adjust =  0;
      }
      break;
    }
  }


  /**
   * add text to the page, but ensure that it fits within a certain width
   * if it does not fit then put in as much as possible, splitting at word boundaries
   * and return the remainder.
   * justification and angle can also be specified for the text
   */
  function addTextWrap($x, $y, $width, $size, $text, $justification =  'left', $angle =  0, $test =  0) {
    // TODO - need to support Unicode
    $cf =  $this->currentFont;
    if ($this->fonts[$cf]['isUnicode']) {
        die("addTextWrap does not support Unicode yet!");
    }

    // this will display the text, and if it goes beyond the width $width, will backtrack to the
    // previous space or hyphen, and return the remainder of the text.

    // $justification can be set to 'left','right','center','centre','full'

    // need to store the initial text state, as this will change during the width calculation
    // but will need to be re-set before printing, so that the chars work out right
    $store_currentTextState =  $this->currentTextState;

    if  (!$this->numFonts) {
      $this->selectFont($this->defaultFont);
    }

    if  ($width <=  0) {
      // error, pretend it printed ok, otherwise risking a loop
      return  '';
    }

    $w =  0;
    $break =  0;
    $breakWidth =  0;
    $len =  mb_strlen($text);
    $cf =  $this->currentFont;
    $tw =  $width/$size*1000;

    for  ($i =  0;$i<$len;$i++) {
      $f =  1;
      $directive =  0;
      //$this->PRVTcheckTextDirective($text,$i,$f);
      if  ($directive) {
        if  ($f) {
          $this->setCurrentFont();
          $cf =  $this->currentFont;
        }

        $i =  $i+$directive-1;
      } else {
        $cOrd =  ord($text[$i]);

        if  (isset($this->fonts[$cf]['differences'][$cOrd])) {
          // then this character is being replaced by another
          $cOrd2 =  $this->fonts[$cf]['differences'][$cOrd];
        } else {
          $cOrd2 =  $cOrd;
        }

        if  (isset($this->fonts[$cf]['C'][$cOrd2])) {
          $w+=  $this->fonts[$cf]['C'][$cOrd2];
        }

        if  ($w>$tw) {
          // then we need to truncate this line
          if  ($break>0) {
            // then we have somewhere that we can split :)
            if  ($text[$break] ===  ' ') {
              $tmp =  mb_substr($text, 0, $break);
            } else {
              $tmp =  mb_substr($text, 0, $break+1);
            }

            $adjust =  0;
            $this->PRVTadjustWrapText($tmp, $breakWidth, $width, $x, $adjust, $justification);

            // reset the text state
            $this->currentTextState =  $store_currentTextState;
            $this->setCurrentFont();

            if  (!$test) {
              $this->addText($x, $y, $size, $tmp, $angle, $adjust);
            }

            return  mb_substr($text, $break+1);
          } else {
            // just split before the current character
            $tmp =  mb_substr($text, 0, $i);
            $adjust =  0;
            $ctmp =  ord($text[$i]);

            if  (isset($this->fonts[$cf]['differences'][$ctmp])) {
              $ctmp =  $this->fonts[$cf]['differences'][$ctmp];
            }

            $tmpw =  ($w-$this->fonts[$cf]['C'][$ctmp]) *$size/1000;
            $this->PRVTadjustWrapText($tmp, $tmpw, $width, $x, $adjust, $justification);

            // reset the text state
            $this->currentTextState =  $store_currentTextState;
            $this->setCurrentFont();

            if  (!$test) {
              $this->addText($x, $y, $size, $tmp, $angle, $adjust);
            }

            return  mb_substr($text, $i);
          }
        }

        if  ($text[$i] ===  '-') {
          $break =  $i;
          $breakWidth =  $w*$size/1000;
        }

        if  ($text[$i] ===  ' ') {
          $break =  $i;
          $ctmp =  ord($text[$i]);

          if  (isset($this->fonts[$cf]['differences'][$ctmp])) {
            $ctmp =  $this->fonts[$cf]['differences'][$ctmp];
          }

          $breakWidth =  ($w-$this->fonts[$cf]['C'][$ctmp]) *$size/1000;
        }
      }
    }

    // then there was no need to break this line
    if  ($justification ===  'full') {
      $justification =  'left';
    }

    $adjust =  0;
    $tmpw =  $w*$size/1000;

    $this->PRVTadjustWrapText($text, $tmpw, $width, $x, $adjust, $justification);

    // reset the text state
    $this->currentTextState =  $store_currentTextState;
    $this->setCurrentFont();

    if  (!$test) {
      $this->addText($x, $y, $size, $text, $angle, $adjust);
    }

    return  '';
  }


  /**
   * this will be called at a new page to return the state to what it was on the
   * end of the previous page, before the stack was closed down
   * This is to get around not being able to have open 'q' across pages
   *
   */
  function saveState($pageEnd =  0) {
    if  ($pageEnd) {
      // this will be called at a new page to return the state to what it was on the
      // end of the previous page, before the stack was closed down
      // This is to get around not being able to have open 'q' across pages
      $opt =  $this->stateStack[$pageEnd];
      // ok to use this as stack starts numbering at 1
      $this->setColor($opt['col'], true);
      $this->setStrokeColor($opt['str'], true);
      $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  "\n".$opt['lin'];
      //    $this->currentLineStyle = $opt['lin'];
    } else {
      $this->nStateStack++;
      $this->stateStack[$this->nStateStack] =  array(
        'col' => $this->currentColour,
        'str' => $this->currentStrokeColour,
        'lin' => $this->currentLineStyle
      );
    }

    $this->save();
  }


  /**
   * restore a previously saved state
   */
  function restoreState($pageEnd =  0) {
    if  (!$pageEnd) {
      $n =  $this->nStateStack;
      $this->currentColour =       $this->stateStack[$n]['col'];
      $this->currentStrokeColour = $this->stateStack[$n]['str'];
      $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  "\n".$this->stateStack[$n]['lin'];
      $this->currentLineStyle =    $this->stateStack[$n]['lin'];
      $this->stateStack[$n] = null;
      unset($this->stateStack[$n]);
      $this->nStateStack--;
    }
    
    $this->restore();
  }


  /**
   * make a loose object, the output will go into this object, until it is closed, then will revert to
   * the current one.
   * this object will not appear until it is included within a page.
   * the function will return the object number
   */
  function openObject() {
    $this->nStack++;
    $this->stack[$this->nStack] =  array('c' => $this->currentContents, 'p' => $this->currentPage);
    // add a new object of the content type, to hold the data flow
    $this->numObj++;
    $this->o_contents($this->numObj, 'new');
    $this->currentContents =  $this->numObj;
    $this->looseObjects[$this->numObj] =  1;

    return  $this->numObj;
  }


  /**
   * open an existing object for editing
   */
  function reopenObject($id) {
    $this->nStack++;
    $this->stack[$this->nStack] =  array('c' => $this->currentContents, 'p' => $this->currentPage);
    $this->currentContents =  $id;

    // also if this object is the primary contents for a page, then set the current page to its parent
    if  (isset($this->objects[$id]['onPage'])) {
      $this->currentPage =  $this->objects[$id]['onPage'];
    }
  }


  /**
   * close an object
   */
  function closeObject() {
    // close the object, as long as there was one open in the first place, which will be indicated by
    // an objectId on the stack.
    if  ($this->nStack>0) {
      $this->currentContents =  $this->stack[$this->nStack]['c'];
      $this->currentPage =  $this->stack[$this->nStack]['p'];
      $this->nStack--;
      // easier to probably not worry about removing the old entries, they will be overwritten
      // if there are new ones.
    }
  }


  /**
   * stop an object from appearing on pages from this point on
   */
  function stopObject($id) {
    // if an object has been appearing on pages up to now, then stop it, this page will
    // be the last one that could contian it.
    if  (isset($this->addLooseObjects[$id])) {
      $this->addLooseObjects[$id] =  '';
    }
  }


  /**
   * after an object has been created, it wil only show if it has been added, using this function.
   */
  function addObject($id, $options =  'add') {
    // add the specified object to the page
    if  (isset($this->looseObjects[$id]) &&  $this->currentContents !=  $id) {
      // then it is a valid object, and it is not being added to itself
      switch ($options) {
      case  'all':
        // then this object is to be added to this page (done in the next block) and
        // all future new pages.
        $this->addLooseObjects[$id] =  'all';

      case  'add':
        if  (isset($this->objects[$this->currentContents]['onPage'])) {
          // then the destination contents is the primary for the page
          // (though this object is actually added to that page)
          $this->o_page($this->objects[$this->currentContents]['onPage'], 'content', $id);
        }
        break;

      case  'even':
        $this->addLooseObjects[$id] =  'even';
        $pageObjectId =  $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['onPage'];
        if  ($this->objects[$pageObjectId]['info']['pageNum']%2 ==  0) {
          $this->addObject($id);
          // hacky huh :)
        }
        break;

      case  'odd':
        $this->addLooseObjects[$id] =  'odd';
        $pageObjectId =  $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['onPage'];
        if  ($this->objects[$pageObjectId]['info']['pageNum']%2 ==  1) {
          $this->addObject($id);
          // hacky huh :)
        }
        break;

      case  'next':
        $this->addLooseObjects[$id] =  'all';
        break;

      case  'nexteven':
        $this->addLooseObjects[$id] =  'even';
        break;

      case  'nextodd':
        $this->addLooseObjects[$id] =  'odd';
        break;
      }
    }
  }


  /**
   * return a storable representation of a specific object
   */
  function serializeObject($id) {
    if  ( array_key_exists($id,  $this->objects))
      return  var_export($this->objects[$id],  true);
  }


  /**
   * restore an object from its stored representation.  returns its new object id.
   */
  function restoreSerializedObject($obj) {
    $obj_id =  $this->openObject();
    eval('$this->objects[$obj_id] = ' . $obj . ';');
    $this->closeObject();
    return  $obj_id;
  }


  /**
   * add content to the documents info object
   */
  function addInfo($label, $value =  0) {
    // this will only work if the label is one of the valid ones.
    // modify this so that arrays can be passed as well.
    // if $label is an array then assume that it is key => value pairs
    // else assume that they are both scalar, anything else will probably error
    if  (is_array($label)) {
      foreach ($label as  $l => $v) {
        $this->o_info($this->infoObject, $l, $v);
      }
    } else {
      $this->o_info($this->infoObject, $label, $value);
    }
  }


  /**
   * set the viewer preferences of the document, it is up to the browser to obey these.
   */
  function setPreferences($label, $value =  0) {
    // this will only work if the label is one of the valid ones.
    if  (is_array($label)) {
      foreach ($label as  $l => $v) {
        $this->o_catalog($this->catalogId, 'viewerPreferences', array($l => $v));
      }
    } else {
      $this->o_catalog($this->catalogId, 'viewerPreferences', array($label => $value));
    }
  }


  /**
   * extract an integer from a position in a byte stream
   *
   * @access private
   */
  function PRVT_getBytes(&$data, $pos, $num) {
    // return the integer represented by $num bytes from $pos within $data
    $ret =  0;
    for  ($i =  0;$i<$num;$i++) {
      $ret =  $ret*256;
      $ret+=  ord($data[$pos+$i]);
    }

    return  $ret;
  }


  /**
   * add a PNG image into the document, from a GD object
   * this should work with remote files
   * 
   * @param string $file The PNG file
   * @param float $x X position
   * @param float $y Y position
   * @param float $w Width
   * @param float $h Height
   * @param resource $img A GD resource
   * @param bool $is_mask true if the image is a mask
   * @param bool $mask true if the image is masked
   */
  function addImagePng($file, $x, $y, $w =  0, $h =  0, &$img, $is_mask = false, $mask = null) {
    //if already cached, need not to read again
    if ( isset($this->imagelist[$file]) ) {
      $data = null;
    } else {
      // Example for transparency handling on new image. Retain for current image
      // $tIndex = imagecolortransparent($img);
      // if ($tIndex > 0) {
      //   $tColor    = imagecolorsforindex($img, $tIndex);
      //   $new_tIndex    = imagecolorallocate($new_img, $tColor['red'], $tColor['green'], $tColor['blue']);
      //   imagefill($new_img, 0, 0, $new_tIndex);
      //   imagecolortransparent($new_img, $new_tIndex);
      // }
      // blending mode (literal/blending) on drawing into current image. not relevant when not saved or not drawn
      //imagealphablending($img, true);
      
      //default, but explicitely set to ensure pdf compatibility
      imagesavealpha($img, false/*!$is_mask && !$mask*/);
      
      $error =  0;
      //DEBUG_IMG_TEMP
      //debugpng
      if (DEBUGPNG) print '[addImagePng '.$file.']';

      ob_start();
      @imagepng($img);
      $data = ob_get_clean();
      
      if ($data == '') {
        $error = 1;
        $errormsg = 'trouble writing file from GD';
        //DEBUG_IMG_TEMP
        //debugpng
        if (DEBUGPNG) print 'trouble writing file from GD';
      }

      if  ($error) {
        $this->addMessage('PNG error - ('.$file.') '.$errormsg);
        return;
      }
    }  //End isset($this->imagelist[$file]) (png Duplicate removal)
  
    $this->addPngFromBuf($file, $x, $y, $w, $h, $data, $is_mask, $mask);
  }
  
  protected function addImagePngAlpha($file, $x, $y, $w, $h, $byte) {
    // generate images
    $img = imagecreatefrompng($file);
    
    if ($img === false) {
      return;
    }
    
    $wpx = imagesx($img);
    $hpx = imagesy($img);
    
    imagesavealpha($img, false);
    
    $imgalpha = imagecreate($wpx, $hpx);
    imagesavealpha($imgalpha, false);
    
    // generate gray scale palette (0 -> 255)
    for ($c = 0; $c < 256; ++$c) {
      imagecolorallocate($imgalpha, $c, $c, $c);
    }
   
    // FIXME The pixel transformation doesn't work well with 8bit PNGs
    $eight_bit = ($byte & 4) !== 4;
    
    // allocated colors cache
    $allocated_colors = array();
    
    // extract alpha channel
    for ($xpx = 0; $xpx < $wpx; ++$xpx) {
      for ($ypx = 0; $ypx < $hpx; ++$ypx) {
        $color = imagecolorat($img, $xpx, $ypx);
        $col = imagecolorsforindex($img, $color);
        $alpha = $col['alpha'];
        
        if ($eight_bit) {
          // with gamma correction
          $gammacorr = 2.2;
          $pixel = pow((((127 - $alpha) * 255 / 127) / 255), $gammacorr) * 255;
        }
        
        else {
          // without gamma correction
          $pixel = (127 - $alpha) * 2;
          
          $key = implode("-", array($col['red'], $col['green'], $col['blue']));
          
          if (!isset($allocated_colors[$key])) {
            $pixel_img = imagecolorallocate($img, $col['red'], $col['green'], $col['blue']);
            $allocated_colors[$key] = $pixel_img;
          }
          else {
            $pixel_img = $allocated_colors[$key]; 
          }
          
          imagesetpixel($img, $xpx, $ypx, $pixel_img);
        }
        
        imagesetpixel($imgalpha, $xpx, $ypx, $pixel);
      }
    }
      
    // create temp alpha file
    $tempfile_alpha = tempnam($this->tmp, "cpdf_img_").'.png';
    imagepng($imgalpha, $tempfile_alpha);
    
    // extract image without alpha channel
    $imgplain = imagecreatetruecolor($wpx, $hpx);
    imagecopy($imgplain, $img, 0, 0, 0, 0, $wpx, $hpx);
    imagedestroy($img);
    
    // create temp image file
    $tempfile_plain = tempnam($this->tmp, "cpdf_img_").'.png';
    imagepng($imgplain, $tempfile_plain);
    
    // embed mask image
    $this->addImagePng($tempfile_alpha, $x, $y, $w, $h, $imgalpha, true);
    imagedestroy($imgalpha);
    
    // embed image, masked with previously embedded mask
    $this->addImagePng($tempfile_plain, $x, $y, $w, $h, $imgplain, false, true);
    imagedestroy($imgplain);
    
    // remove temp files
    unlink($tempfile_alpha);
    unlink($tempfile_plain);
  }


  /**
   * add a PNG image into the document, from a file
   * this should work with remote files
   */
  function addPngFromFile($file, $x, $y, $w =  0, $h =  0) {
    //if already cached, need not to read again
    if ( isset($this->imagelist[$file]) ) {
      $img = null;
    } 
    
    else {
      $byte = ord (file_get_contents ($file, false, null, 25, 1));
      $is_alpha = ($byte & 6); // 6 => 32b, 4 => 8b

      if ($is_alpha) { // exclude grayscale alpha
        return $this->addImagePngAlpha($file, $x, $y, $w, $h, $byte);
      }

      //png files typically contain an alpha channel.
      //pdf file format or class.pdf does not support alpha blending.
      //on alpha blended images, more transparent areas have a color near black.
      //This appears in the result on not storing the alpha channel.
      //Correct would be the box background image or its parent when transparent.
      //But this would make the image dependent on the background.
      //Therefore create an image with white background and copy in
      //A more natural background than black is white.
      //Therefore create an empty image with white background and merge the
      //image in with alpha blending.
      $imgtmp = @imagecreatefrompng($file);
      if (!$imgtmp) {
        return;
      }
      $sx = imagesx($imgtmp);
      $sy = imagesy($imgtmp);
      $img = imagecreatetruecolor($sx,$sy);
      imagealphablending($img, true);
      
      // @todo is it still needed ??
      $ti = imagecolortransparent($imgtmp);
      if ($ti >= 0) {
        $tc = imagecolorsforindex($imgtmp,$ti);
        $ti = imagecolorallocate($img,$tc['red'],$tc['green'],$tc['blue']);
        imagefill($img,0,0,$ti);
        imagecolortransparent($img, $ti);
      } else {
        imagefill($img,1,1,imagecolorallocate($img,255,255,255));
      }
      
      imagecopy($img,$imgtmp,0,0,0,0,$sx,$sy);
      imagedestroy($imgtmp);
    }
    $this->addImagePng($file, $x, $y, $w, $h, $img);
    imagedestroy($img);
  }


  /**
   * add a PNG image into the document, from a memory buffer of the file
   */
  function addPngFromBuf($file, $x, $y, $w =  0, $h =  0, &$data, $is_mask = false, $mask = null) {
    if ( isset($this->imagelist[$file]) ) {
      //debugpng
      //if (DEBUGPNG) print '[addPngFromBuf Duplicate '.$file.']';
      $data = null;
      $info['width'] = $this->imagelist[$file]['w'];
      $info['height'] = $this->imagelist[$file]['h'];
      $label = $this->imagelist[$file]['label'];
    }
    
    else {
      if ($data == null) {
        $this->addMessage('addPngFromBuf error - ('.$imgname.') data not present!');
        return;
      }
      //debugpng
      //if (DEBUGPNG) print '[addPngFromBuf file='.$file.']';
    $error =  0;

    if  (!$error) {
      $header =  chr(137) .chr(80) .chr(78) .chr(71) .chr(13) .chr(10) .chr(26) .chr(10);
      if  (mb_substr($data, 0, 8, '8bit') !=  $header) {
        $error =  1;
        //debugpng
        if (DEBUGPNG) print '[addPngFromFile this file does not have a valid header '.$file.']';

        $errormsg =  'this file does not have a valid header';
      }
    }

    if  (!$error) {
      // set pointer
      $p =  8;
      $len =  mb_strlen($data, '8bit');

      // cycle through the file, identifying chunks
      $haveHeader =  0;
      $info =  array();
      $idata =  '';
      $pdata =  '';

      while  ($p < $len) {
        $chunkLen =  $this->PRVT_getBytes($data, $p, 4);
        $chunkType =  mb_substr($data, $p+4, 4, '8bit');
        //      echo $chunkType.' - '.$chunkLen.'<br>';
        switch ($chunkType) {
        case  'IHDR':
          // this is where all the file information comes from
          $info['width'] =  $this->PRVT_getBytes($data, $p+8, 4);
          $info['height'] =  $this->PRVT_getBytes($data, $p+12, 4);
          $info['bitDepth'] =  ord($data[$p+16]);
          $info['colorType'] =  ord($data[$p+17]);
          $info['compressionMethod'] =  ord($data[$p+18]);
          $info['filterMethod'] =  ord($data[$p+19]);
          $info['interlaceMethod'] =  ord($data[$p+20]);

          //print_r($info);
          $haveHeader =  1;
          if  ($info['compressionMethod'] !=  0) {
            $error =  1;

            //debugpng
            if (DEBUGPNG) print '[addPngFromFile unsupported compression method '.$file.']';

            $errormsg =  'unsupported compression method';
          }

          if  ($info['filterMethod'] !=  0) {
            $error =  1;

            //debugpng
            if (DEBUGPNG) print '[addPngFromFile unsupported filter method '.$file.']';

            $errormsg =  'unsupported filter method';
          }
          break;

        case  'PLTE':
          $pdata.=  mb_substr($data, $p+8, $chunkLen, '8bit');
          break;

        case  'IDAT':
          $idata.=  mb_substr($data, $p+8, $chunkLen, '8bit');
          break;

        case  'tRNS':
          //this chunk can only occur once and it must occur after the PLTE chunk and before IDAT chunk
          //print "tRNS found, color type = ".$info['colorType']."\n";
          $transparency =  array();

          if  ($info['colorType'] ==  3) {
            // indexed color, rbg
            /* corresponding to entries in the plte chunk
             Alpha for palette index 0: 1 byte
             Alpha for palette index 1: 1 byte
             ...etc...
            */
            // there will be one entry for each palette entry. up until the last non-opaque entry.
            // set up an array, stretching over all palette entries which will be o (opaque) or 1 (transparent)
            $transparency['type'] =  'indexed';
            $numPalette =  mb_strlen($pdata, '8bit')/3;
            $trans =  0;

            for  ($i =  $chunkLen;$i >=  0;$i--) {
              if  (ord($data[$p+8+$i]) ==  0) {
                $trans =  $i;
              }
            }

            $transparency['data'] =  $trans;
          } elseif ($info['colorType'] ==  0) {
            // grayscale
            /* corresponding to entries in the plte chunk
             Gray: 2 bytes, range 0 .. (2^bitdepth)-1
            */
            //            $transparency['grayscale'] = $this->PRVT_getBytes($data,$p+8,2); // g = grayscale
            $transparency['type'] =  'indexed';

            $transparency['data'] =  ord($data[$p+8+1]);
          } elseif ($info['colorType'] ==  2) {
            // truecolor
            /* corresponding to entries in the plte chunk
             Red: 2 bytes, range 0 .. (2^bitdepth)-1
             Green: 2 bytes, range 0 .. (2^bitdepth)-1
             Blue: 2 bytes, range 0 .. (2^bitdepth)-1
            */
            $transparency['r'] =  $this->PRVT_getBytes($data, $p+8, 2);
            // r from truecolor
            $transparency['g'] =  $this->PRVT_getBytes($data, $p+10, 2);
            // g from truecolor
            $transparency['b'] =  $this->PRVT_getBytes($data, $p+12, 2);
            // b from truecolor

            $transparency['type'] = 'color-key';
            
          } else {
            //unsupported transparency type
            //debugpng
            if (DEBUGPNG) print '[addPngFromFile unsupported transparency type '.$file.']';
          }
          // KS End new code
          break;

        default:
          break;
        }

        $p+=  $chunkLen+12;
      }


      if (!$haveHeader) {
        $error =  1;

        //debugpng
        if (DEBUGPNG) print '[addPngFromFile information header is missing '.$file.']';

        $errormsg =  'information header is missing';
      }

      if  (isset($info['interlaceMethod']) &&  $info['interlaceMethod']) {
        $error =  1;

        //debugpng
        if (DEBUGPNG) print '[addPngFromFile no support for interlaced images in pdf '.$file.']';

        $errormsg =  'There appears to be no support for interlaced images in pdf.';
      }
    }

    if  (!$error &&  $info['bitDepth'] > 8) {
      $error =  1;

      //debugpng
      if (DEBUGPNG) print '[addPngFromFile bit depth of 8 or less is supported '.$file.']';

      $errormsg =  'only bit depth of 8 or less is supported';
    }
    
    if  (!$error) {
      switch  ($info['colorType']) {
      case  3:
        $color =  'DeviceRGB';
        $ncolor =  1;
        break;

      case  2:
        $color =  'DeviceRGB';
        $ncolor =  3;
        break;

      case  0:
        $color =  'DeviceGray';
        $ncolor =  1;
        break;
      
      default: 
        $error =  1;

        //debugpng
        if (DEBUGPNG) print '[addPngFromFile alpha channel not supported: '.$info['colorType'].' '.$file.']';

        $errormsg =  'transparancey alpha channel not supported, transparency only supported for palette images.';
      }
    }

    if  ($error) {
      $this->addMessage('PNG error - ('.$file.') '.$errormsg);
      return;
    }

      //print_r($info);
      // so this image is ok... add it in.
      $this->numImages++;
      $im =  $this->numImages;
      $label =  'I'.$im;
      $this->numObj++;

      //  $this->o_image($this->numObj,'new',array('label' => $label,'data' => $idata,'iw' => $w,'ih' => $h,'type' => 'png','ic' => $info['width']));
      $options =  array(
        'label' => $label,
        'data' => $idata,
        'bitsPerComponent' => $info['bitDepth'],
        'pdata' => $pdata,
        'iw' => $info['width'],
        'ih' => $info['height'],
        'type' => 'png',
        'color' => $color,
        'ncolor' => $ncolor,
        'masked' => $mask,
        'isMask' => $is_mask,
      );

      if  (isset($transparency)) {
        $options['transparency'] =  $transparency;
      }

      $this->o_image($this->numObj, 'new', $options);
      $this->imagelist[$file] = array('label' =>$label, 'w' => $info['width'], 'h' => $info['height']);
    }
    
    if ($is_mask) {
      return;
    }

    if  ($w <=  0 && $h <=  0) {
      $w =  $info['width'];
      $h =  $info['height'];
    }

    if  ($w <=  0) {
      $w =  $h/$info['height']*$info['width'];
    }

    if  ($h <=  0) {
      $h =  $w*$info['height']/$info['width'];
    }

    $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  sprintf("\nq\n%.3F 0 0 %.3F %.3F %.3F cm", $w, $h, $x, $y);
    $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  "\n/$label Do\nQ";
  }


  /**
   * add a JPEG image into the document, from a file
   */
  function addJpegFromFile($img, $x, $y, $w =  0, $h =  0) {
    // attempt to add a jpeg image straight from a file, using no GD commands
    // note that this function is unable to operate on a remote file.

    if  (!file_exists($img)) {
      return;
    }

  if ( isset($this->imagelist[$img]) ) {
    $data = null;
      $imageWidth  = $this->imagelist[$img]['w'];
      $imageHeight = $this->imagelist[$img]['h'];
      $channels    = $this->imagelist[$img]['c'];
  } else {
      $tmp = getimagesize($img);
      $imageWidth  = $tmp[0];
      $imageHeight = $tmp[1];

      if  (isset($tmp['channels'])) {
        $channels =  $tmp['channels'];
      } else {
        $channels =  3;
      }

      $data =  file_get_contents($img);
    }

    if  ($w <=  0 &&  $h <=  0) {
      $w =  $imageWidth;
    }

    if  ($w ==  0) {
      $w =  $h/$imageHeight*$imageWidth;
    }

    if  ($h ==  0) {
      $h =  $w*$imageHeight/$imageWidth;
    }

    $this->addJpegImage_common($data, $x, $y, $w, $h, $imageWidth, $imageHeight, $channels, $img);
  }


  /**
   * add an image into the document, from a GD object
   * this function is not all that reliable, and I would probably encourage people to use
   * the file based functions
   */
  function addImage(&$img, $x, $y, $w =  0, $h =  0, $quality =  75) {
    /* Todo:
     * Pass in original filename as $imgname
     * If already cached like image_iscached(), allow empty $img
     * How to get w  and h in this case?
     * Then caller can check with image_iscached() whether generation of image is needed.
     *
     * But anyway, this function is not used!
     */
    $imgname = tempnam($this->tmp, "cpdf_img_").'.jpeg';

    // add a new image into the current location, as an external object
    // add the image at $x,$y, and with width and height as defined by $w & $h

    // note that this will only work with full colour images and makes them jpg images for display
    // later versions could present lossless image formats if there is interest.

    // there seems to be some problem here in that images that have quality set above 75 do not appear
    // not too sure why this is, but in the meantime I have restricted this to 75.
    if  ($quality>75) {
      $quality =  75;
    }

    // if the width or height are set to zero, then set the other one based on keeping the image
    // height/width ratio the same, if they are both zero, then give up :)
    $imageWidth =  imagesx($img);
    $imageHeight =  imagesy($img);

    if  ($w <=  0 &&  $h <=  0) {
      return;
    }

    if  ($w ==  0) {
      $w =  $h/$imageHeight*$imageWidth;
    }

    if  ($h ==  0) {
      $h =  $w*$imageHeight/$imageWidth;
    }

    // gotta get the data out of the img..
    ob_start();
    imagejpeg($img, '', $quality);
    $data = ob_get_clean();

    $this->addJpegImage_common($data, $x, $y, $w, $h, $imageWidth, $imageHeight, $imgname);
  }


  /* Check if image already added to pdf image directory.
   * If yes, need not to create again (pass empty data)
   */
  function image_iscached($imgname) {
    return isset($this->imagelist[$imgname]);
  }


  /**
   * common code used by the two JPEG adding functions
   *
   * @access private
   */
  function addJpegImage_common(&$data, $x, $y, $w =  0, $h =  0, $imageWidth, $imageHeight, $channels =  3, $imgname) {
    if ( isset($this->imagelist[$imgname]) ) {
      $label = $this->imagelist[$imgname]['label'];
      //debugpng
      //if (DEBUGPNG) print '[addJpegImage_common Duplicate '.$imgname.']';

    } else {
      if ($data == null) {
        $this->addMessage('addJpegImage_common error - ('.$imgname.') data not present!');
        return;
      }

      // note that this function is not to be called externally
      // it is just the common code between the GD and the file options
      $this->numImages++;
      $im =  $this->numImages;
      $label =  'I'.$im;
      $this->numObj++;
      
      $this->o_image($this->numObj, 'new', array(
        'label' => $label, 
        'data' => &$data, 
        'iw' => $imageWidth, 
        'ih' => $imageHeight, 
        'channels' => $channels
      ));
      $this->imagelist[$imgname] = array('label' =>$label, 'w' => $imageWidth, 'h' => $imageHeight, 'c'=> $channels );
    }

    $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  sprintf("\nq\n%.3F 0 0 %.3F %.3F %.3F cm", $w, $h, $x, $y);
    $this->objects[$this->currentContents]['c'].=  "\n/$label Do\nQ";
  }


  /**
   * specify where the document should open when it first starts
   */
  function openHere($style, $a =  0, $b =  0, $c =  0) {
    // this function will open the document at a specified page, in a specified style
    // the values for style, and the required paramters are:
    // 'XYZ'  left, top, zoom
    // 'Fit'
    // 'FitH' top
    // 'FitV' left
    // 'FitR' left,bottom,right
    // 'FitB'
    // 'FitBH' top
    // 'FitBV' left
    $this->numObj++;
    $this->o_destination($this->numObj, 'new', array('page' => $this->currentPage, 'type' => $style, 'p1' => $a, 'p2' => $b, 'p3' => $c));
    $id =  $this->catalogId;
    $this->o_catalog($id, 'openHere', $this->numObj);
  }
  
  function addJavascript($code) {
    $this->javascript .= $code;
  }


  /**
   * create a labelled destination within the document
   */
  function addDestination($label, $style, $a =  0, $b =  0, $c =  0) {
    // associates the given label with the destination, it is done this way so that a destination can be specified after
    // it has been linked to
    // styles are the same as the 'openHere' function
    $this->numObj++;
    $this->o_destination($this->numObj, 'new', array('page' => $this->currentPage, 'type' => $style, 'p1' => $a, 'p2' => $b, 'p3' => $c));
    $id =  $this->numObj;

    // store the label->idf relationship, note that this means that labels can be used only once
    $this->destinations["$label"] =  $id;
  }


  /**
   * define font families, this is used to initialize the font families for the default fonts
   * and for the user to add new ones for their fonts. The default bahavious can be overridden should
   * that be desired.
   */
  function setFontFamily($family, $options =  '') {
    if  (!is_array($options)) {
      if  ($family ===  'init') {
        // set the known family groups
        // these font families will be used to enable bold and italic markers to be included
        // within text streams. html forms will be used... <b></b> <i></i>
        $this->fontFamilies['Helvetica.afm'] =
          array('b' => 'Helvetica-Bold.afm',
                'i' => 'Helvetica-Oblique.afm',
                'bi' => 'Helvetica-BoldOblique.afm',
                'ib' => 'Helvetica-BoldOblique.afm');

        $this->fontFamilies['Courier.afm'] =
          array('b' => 'Courier-Bold.afm',
                'i' => 'Courier-Oblique.afm',
                'bi' => 'Courier-BoldOblique.afm',
                'ib' => 'Courier-BoldOblique.afm');

        $this->fontFamilies['Times-Roman.afm'] =
          array('b' => 'Times-Bold.afm',
                'i' => 'Times-Italic.afm',
                'bi' => 'Times-BoldItalic.afm',
                'ib' => 'Times-BoldItalic.afm');
      }
    } else {

      // the user is trying to set a font family
      // note that this can also be used to set the base ones to something else
      if  (mb_strlen($family)) {
        $this->fontFamilies[$family] =  $options;
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * used to add messages for use in debugging
   */
  function addMessage($message) {
    $this->messages.=  $message."\n";
  }


  /**
   * a few functions which should allow the document to be treated transactionally.
   */
  function transaction($action) {
    switch  ($action) {
    case 'start':
      // store all the data away into the checkpoint variable
      $data =  get_object_vars($this);
      $this->checkpoint =  $data;
      unset($data);
      break;

    case 'commit':
      if  (is_array($this->checkpoint) &&  isset($this->checkpoint['checkpoint'])) {
        $tmp =  $this->checkpoint['checkpoint'];
        $this->checkpoint =  $tmp;
        unset($tmp);
      } else {
        $this->checkpoint =  '';
      }
      break;

    case 'rewind':
      // do not destroy the current checkpoint, but move us back to the state then, so that we can try again
      if  (is_array($this->checkpoint)) {
        // can only abort if were inside a checkpoint
        $tmp =  $this->checkpoint;

        foreach ($tmp as  $k => $v) {
          if  ($k !==  'checkpoint') {
            $this->$k =  $v;
          }
        }
        unset($tmp);
      }
      break;

    case 'abort':
      if  (is_array($this->checkpoint)) {
        // can only abort if were inside a checkpoint
        $tmp =  $this->checkpoint;
        foreach ($tmp as  $k => $v) {
          $this->$k =  $v;
        }
        unset($tmp);
      }
      break;
    }
  }
}
// end of class
